Tafsir Ibn Kathir — Al-'Adiyat 100:1 – Al-Ma'un 107:7

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا - فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا - فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا - فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا - فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ - وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ - وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ - أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ - وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ - إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (1. By the 'Adiyat (steeds), snorting.)(2. Striking sparks of fire.)(3. And scouring to the raid at dawn.)(4. And raise the dust in clouds the while.)(5. And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.)(6. Verily, man is ungrateful to his Lord.)(7. And to that He bears witness.)(8. And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.)(9. Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?)(10. And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?)(11. Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) Swearing by the Horses of War about the Ungratefulness of Man and His Zeal for Wealth Allah swears by the horses when they are made to gallop into battle in His path (i.e., Jihad), and thus they run and pant, which is the sound that is heard from the horse when it runs. فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا (Striking sparks of fire.) meaning, the striking of their hooves on the rocks, which causes sparks of fire to fly from them. فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) meaning, the raid that is carried out in the early morning time. This is just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform raids in the early morning. He would wait to see if he heard the Adhan (call to prayer) from the people. If he heard it he would leave them alone, and if he didn't hear it he would attack. Then Allah says, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) meaning, dust at the place of the battle with the horses. فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) means, then are all in the middle of that spot, together. Allah's saying; فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا (And scouring to the raid at dawn.) Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and Qatadah, all said, "This means the invasion of the horses in the morning in the way of Allah." And His statement, فَأَثَرْنَ بِهِ نَقْعًا (And raise the dust in clouds the while.) This is the place in which the attack takes place. The dust is stirred up by it. And His statement, فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا (And penetrating forthwith as one into the midst.) Al-'Awfi narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ata, 'Ikrimah, Qatadah and Ad-Dahhak that they all said, "This means into the midst of the disbelieving enemy." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لِرَبِّهِ لَكَنُودٌ (Verily, man is ungrateful (Kanud) to his Lord.) This is the subject what is being sworn about, and it means that he (man) is ungrateful for the favors of His Lord and he rejects them. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Abu Al-Jawza', Abu Al-'Aliyah, Abu Ad-Duha, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Muhammad bin Qays, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi' bin Anas and Ibn Zayd all said, "Al-Kanud means ungrateful." Al-Hasan said, "Al-Kanud is the one who counts the calamities (that befall him) and he forgets Allah's favors." Concerning Allah's statement, وَإِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ (And to that He bears witness.) Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said, "And indeed Allah is a witness to that." It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka'b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful. This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds. This is as Allah says, مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ (It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves.)(9:17) Allah said; وَإِنَّهُ لِحُبِّ الْخَيْرِ لَشَدِيدٌ (And verily, he is violent in the love of wealth.) meaning, and indeed in his love of the good, which is wealth, he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe. There are two opinions concerning this. One of them is that it means that he is severe in his love of wealth. The other view is that it means he is covetous and stingy due to the love of wealth. However, both views are correct. The Threat about the Hereafter Then Allah encourages abstinence from worldly things and striving for the Hereafter, and He informs of what the situation will be after this present condition, and what man will face of horrors. He says, أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ (Knows he not that when the contents of the graves are poured forth?) meaning, the dead that are in it will be brought out. وَحُصِّلَ مَا فِي الصُّدُورِ (And that which is in the breasts shall be made known?) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means what was in their souls would be exposed and made apparent." إِنَّ رَبَّهُم بِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّخَبِيرٌ (Verily, that Day their Lord will be Well-Acquainted with them.) meaning, He knows all of that they used to do, and He will compensate them for it with the most deserving reward. He does not do even the slightest amount of injustice. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Adiyat, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. الْقَارِعَةُ - مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ - يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ - وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ - فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ - وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ - فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ - نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (1. Al-Qari'ah.)(2. What is Al-Qari'ah?)(3. And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?)(4. It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.)(5. And the mountains will be like wool, carded.)(6. Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy,)(7. He will live a pleasant life.)(8. But as for him whose Balance will be light,)(9. His mother will be Hawiyah.)(10. And what will make you know what it is?)(11. A fire Hamiyah!) Al-Qariah is one of the names of the Day of Judgement, like Al-Haqqah, At-Tammah, As-Sakhkhah, Al-Ghashiyah aand other names. Then Allah intensifies concern and fright for it by saying, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ (And what will make you know what Al-Qari'ah is?) Then He explains this by saying, يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ (It is a Day whereon mankind will be like moths scattered about.) meaning, in their scattering, their dividing, their coming and their going, all due to being bewildered at what is happening to them, they will be like scattered moths. This is like Allah's statement, كَأَنَّهُمْ جَرَادٌ مُّنتَشِرٌ (As if they were locusts spread abroad.)(54:7) Allah said, وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ (And the mountains will be like wool, carded.) meaning, they will become like carded wool that has began to wear out (fade away) and be torn apart. Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, 'Ata' Al-Khurasani, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi have all said, كَالْعِهْنِ (like wool ('Ihn).) "Woolen." Then Allah informs about the results received by those who performed the deeds, and the honor and disgrace they will experience based upon their deeds. He says, فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (Then as for him whose Balance will be heavy.) meaning, his good deeds are more than his bad deeds. فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ (He will live a pleasant life.) meaning, in Paradise. وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ (But as for him whose Balance will be light.) meaning, his bad deeds are more than his good deeds. Then Allah says, فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ (His mother will be Hawiyah.) It has been said that this means he will be falling and tumbling headfirst into the fire of Hell, and the expression 'his mother' has been used to refer to his brain (as it is the mother of his head). A statement similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, 'Ikrimah, Abu Salih and Qatadah. Qatadah said, "He will fall into the Hellfire on his head." Abu Salih made a similar statement when he said, "They will fall into the Fire on their heads." It has also been said that it means his mother that he will return to and end up with in the Hereafter will be Hawiyah, which is one of the names of the Hellfire. Ibn Jarir said, "Al-Hawiyah is only called his mother because he will have no other abode except for it." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-Hawiyah is the Fire, and it will be his mother and his abode to which he will return, and where he will be settled." Then he recited the Ayah, وَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ (Their abode will be the Fire.)(3:151) Ibn Abi Hatim said that it has been narrated from Qatadah that he said, "It is the Fire, and it is their abode." Thus, Allah says in explaining the meaning of Al-Hawiyah, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ (And what will make you know what it is?). Allah's statement نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ (A fire Hamiyah!) meaning, extreme heat. It is a heat that is accompanied by a strong flame and fire. It is narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, نَارُ بَنِي آدَمَ الَّتِي تُوقِدُونَ، جُزْءٌ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا مِنْ نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ (The fire of the Children of Adam that you all kindle is one part of the seventy parts of the fire of Hell.) They (the Companions) said, "O Messenger of Allah! Isn't it sufficient?" He replied, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times.) This has been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. In some of the wordings he stated, إِنَّهَا فُضِّلَتْ عَلَيْهَا بِتِسْعَةٍ وَسِتِّينَ جُزْءًا، كُلُّهُنَّ مِثْلُ حَرِّهَا (It is more than it by sixty-nine times, each of them is like the heat of it.) It has been narrated in a Hadith that Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, إِنَّ أَهْوَنَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ عَذَابًا مَنْ لَهُ نَعْلَانِ، يَغْلِي مِنْهُمَا دِمَاغُهُ (Verily, the person who will receive the lightest torment of the people of the Hellfire will be a man who will have two sandals that will cause his brain to boil.)" It has been confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, اشْتَكَتِ النَّارُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَبِّ أَكَلَ بَعْضِي بَعْضًا، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا بِنَفَسَيْنِ: نَفَسٍ فِي الشِّتَاءِ، وَنَفَسٍ فِي الصَّيْفِ، فَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الشِّتَاءِ مِنْ بَرْدِهَا، وَأَشَدُّ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي الصَّيْفِ مِنْ حَرِّهَا (The Hellfire complained to its Lord and said, "O Lord! Some parts of me devour other parts of me." So He (Allah) permitted it to take two breaths: one breath in the winter and one breath in the summer. Thus, the most severe cold that you experience in the winter is from its cold, and the most severe heat that you experience in the summer is from its heat.) In the Two Sahihs it is recorded that he said, إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الْحَرُّ فَأَبْرِدُوا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّ شِدَّةَ الْحَرِّ مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ (When the heat becomes intense pray the prayer when it cools down, for indeed the intense heat is from the breath of Hell.)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ - حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ - كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ - لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ - ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (1. The mutual increase diverts you,)(2. Until you visit the graves.)(3. Nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(4. Again nay! You shall come to know!)(5. Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.)(6. Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire!)(7. And again, you shall see it with certainty of sight!)(8. Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) The Result of Loving the World and Heedlessness of the Hereafter Allah says that all are preoccupied by love of the world, its delights and its adornments, and this distracts you from seeking the Hereafter and desiring it. This delays you until death comes to you and you visit the graves, thus becoming its inhabitants. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, it is recorded in the Book of Ar-Riqaq (Narrations that soften the Heart) from Anas bin Malik, who reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b said, "We used to think that this was a part of the Qur'an until the Ayah was revealed which says; أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ (The mutual increase diverts you.)" He was referring to the Hadith in which the Prophet ﷺ said, لَوْ كَانَ لِابْنِ آدَمَ وَادٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ (If the Son of Adam had a valley of gold, he would desire another like it...) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhkhir that he said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was saying, أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَهَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلَّا مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَـيْتَ، أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ، أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ؟ ((The mutual increase diverts you.)(The Son of Adam says, "My wealth, my wealth." But do you get anything (of benefit) from your wealth except for that which you ate and you finished it, or that which you clothed yourself with and you wore it out, or that which you gave as charity and you have spent it?)" Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: مَالِي مَالِي، وَإِنَّمَا لَهُ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثَلَاثٌ: مَا أَكَلَ فَأَفْنَى، أَوْ لَبِسَ فَأَبْلَى، أَوْ تَصَدَّقَ فَأَمْضَى، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَذَاهِبٌ وَتَارِكُهُ لِلنَّاسِ (The servant says "My wealth, my wealth." Yet he only gets three (benefits) from his wealth: that which he eats and finishes, that which he eats and finishes, that which he wears until it is worn out, or that which he gives in charity and it is spent. Everything else other than that will go away and leave him for the people.) Muslim was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى مَعَهُ وَاحِدٌ: يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ، فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ، وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ (Three things follow the deceased person, and two of them return while one remains behind with him. The things which follow him are his family, his wealth and his deeds. His family and his wealth return while his deeds remain.) This Hadith has also been recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Imam Ahmad recorded from Anas that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَهْرَمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَبْقَى مِنْهُ اثْنَتَانِ: الْحِرْصُ وَالْأَمَلُ (The Son of Adam becomes old with senility, but yet two things remain with him: greed and hope.) Both of them (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded this Hadith in the Two Sahihs. The Threat of seeing Hell and being questioned about the Delights كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "This is a threat after a threat." Ad-Dahhak said, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know!) "Meaning, 'O you disbelievers.' ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Again nay! you shall come to know!) meaning, 'O you believers.'" Then Allah says, كَلَّا لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عِلْمَ الْيَقِينِ (Nay! If you knew with a sure knowledge.) meaning, 'if you knew with true knowledge, you would not be diverted by rivalry for wealth away from seeking the abode of the Hereafter until you reach the graves.' Then Allah says, لَتَرَوُنَّ الْجَحِيمَ - ثُمَّ لَتَرَوُنَّهَا عَيْنَ الْيَقِينِ (Verily, you shall see the blazing Fire! And again you shall see it with certainty of sight!) This is the explanation of the previous threat which was in Allah's saying, كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ - ثُمَّ كَلَّا سَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ (Nay! you shall come to know! Again nay! you shall come to know!) Thus, Allah threatens them with this situation, which is what the people of the Fire will see. It is a Fire, which if it exhaled one breath, every angel who is near (to Allah) and every Prophet who was sent would all fall down on their knees due to fear, awe and the sight of its horrors. This is based upon what has been reported in the narrations concerning it. Allah then says, ثُمَّ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَنِ النَّعِيمِ (Then on that Day you shall be asked about the delights!) meaning, 'on that Day you all will be questioned concerning your gratitude towards the favors that Allah blessed you with, such as health, safety, sustenance and other things. You will be asked did you return His favors by being thankful to Him and worshipping Him.' Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Husayn bin 'Ali As-Suda'i narrated to him from Al-Walid bin Al-Qasim, who reported from Yazid bin Kaysan, who reported from Abi Hazim, who reported from Abu Hurayrah that he said, "Once while Abu Bakr and 'Umar were sitting, the Prophet ﷺ came to them and said, مَا أَجْلَسَكُمَا هٰهُنَا؟ (What has caused you two to sit here?) They replied, "By He Who has sent you with the truth, nothing has brought us out of our houses except hunger.' The Prophet ﷺ said, وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي غَيْرُهُ (By He Who has sent me with the truth, nothing has brought me out other than this.) So they went until they came to the house of a man from the Ansar, and the woman of the house received them. The Prophet said ﷺ to her, أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ (Where is so-and-so?) She replied, 'He went to fetch some drinking water for us.' So the man came carrying his bucket and he said, 'Welcome. Nothing has visited the servants (of Allah) better than a Prophet who has visited me today.' Then he hung his bucket near a palm tree, and climbed it and returned to them with a cluster of dates. So the Prophet ﷺ said, أَلَا كُنْتَ اجْتَنَـيْتَ؟ (Why didn't you pick (some of them)?) The man replied, 'I wanted you to choose with your own eyes.' Then he took a blade (to slaughter a sheep) and the Prophet ﷺ said, إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ (Do not slaughter one that gives milk.) So he slaughtered a sheep for them that day and they all ate. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَخْرَجَكُمْ مِنْ بُيُوتِكُمُ الْجُوعُ، فَلَمْ تَرْجِعُوا حَتَّى أَصَبْتُمْ هَذَا، فَهَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ (You will be asked about this on the Day of Judgement. Hunger caused you to come out of your homes and you did not return until you had eaten this meal. So this is from the delights.)" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. It has been confirmed in Sahih Al-Bukhari and the Sunans of At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ: الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ (Two favors are treated unjustly by most people: health and free time.) This means that the people are lacking gratitude for these two favors. They do fulfill their obligations to them. Therefore, whoever does not maintain the right that is obligatory upon him, then he is unjust. Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet ﷺ said, يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - قال عفان: يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ - : يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ، حَمَلْتُكَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَالْإِبِلِ، وَزَوَّجْتُكَ النِّسَاءَ، وَجَعَلْتُكَ تَرْبَعُ وَتَرْأَسُ، فَأَيْنَ شُكْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ (Allah the Mighty and Majestic says on the Day of Judgement, "O Son of Adam! I made you ride upon the horses and camels, I gave you women to marry, and I made you reside and rule (in the earth). So where is the thanks for that?") Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith in this manner. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat At-Takathur, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

They have mentioned that 'Amr bin Al-'As went to visit Musaylimah Al-Kadhdhab after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was commissioned (as a Prophet) and before 'Amr had accepted Islam. Upon his arrival, Musaylimah said to him, "What has been revealed to your friend (Muhammad ﷺ) during this time?" 'Amr said, "A short and concise Surah has been revealed to him." Musaylimah then said, "What is it?" 'Amr replied; وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ - إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (By Al-'Asr. Verily, man is in loss. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and recommend one another to the truth, and recommend one another to patience.) So Musaylimah thought for a while. Then he said, "Indeed something similar has also been revealed to me." 'Amr asked him, "What is it?" He replied, "O Wabr (a small, furry mammal; hyrax), O Wabr! You are only two ears and a chest, and the rest of you is digging and burrowing." Then he said, "What do you think, O 'Amr?" So 'Amr said to him, "By Allah! Verily, you know that I know you are lying." I saw that Abu Bakr Al-Khara'iti mentioned a chain of narration for part of this story, or what was close to its meaning, in volume two of his famous book Masawi' ul-Akhlaq. The Wabr is a small animal that resembles a cat, and the largest thing on it is its ears and its torso, while the rest of it is ugly. Musaylimah intended by the composition of these nonsensical verses to produce something which would oppose the Qur'an. Yet, it was not even convincing to the idol worshipper of that time. At-Tabarani recorded from 'Abdullah bin Hisn Abi Madinah that he said, "Whenever two men from the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to meet, they would not part until one of them had recited Surat Al-'Asr in its entirety to the other, and one of them had given the greetings of peace to the other." Ash-Shafi'i said, "If the people were to ponder on this Surah, it would be sufficient for them." بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ - إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (1. By Al-'Asr.)(2. Verily, man is in loss.)(3. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and recommend one another to the truth, and recommend one another to patience.) Al-'Asr is the time in which the movements of the Children of Adam occur, whether good or evil. Malik narrated from Zayd bin Aslam that he said, "It is the evening." However, the first view is the popular opinion. Thus, Allah swears by this, that man is in Khusr, which means in loss and destruction. إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ (Except those who believe and do righteous good deeds) So Allah makes an exception, among the species of man being in loss, for those who believe in their hearts and work righteous deeds with their limbs. وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ (And recommend one another to the truth,) This is to perform acts of obedience and avoid the forbidden things. وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (And recommend one another to patience.) meaning, with the plots, the evils, and the harms of those who harm people due to their commanding them to do good and forbidding them from evil. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Asr, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

They have mentioned that 'Amr bin Al-'As went to visit Musaylimah Al-Kadhdhab after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was commissioned (as a Prophet) and before 'Amr had accepted Islam. Upon his arrival, Musaylimah said to him, "What has been revealed to your friend (Muhammad ﷺ) during this time?" 'Amr said, "A short and concise Surah has been revealed to him." Musaylimah then said, "What is it?" 'Amr replied; وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ - إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (By Al-'Asr. Verily, man is in loss. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and recommend one another to the truth, and recommend one another to patience.) So Musaylimah thought for a while. Then he said, "Indeed something similar has also been revealed to me." 'Amr asked him, "What is it?" He replied, "O Wabr (a small, furry mammal; hyrax), O Wabr! You are only two ears and a chest, and the rest of you is digging and burrowing." Then he said, "What do you think, O 'Amr?" So 'Amr said to him, "By Allah! Verily, you know that I know you are lying." I saw that Abu Bakr Al-Khara'iti mentioned a chain of narration for part of this story, or what was close to its meaning, in volume two of his famous book Masawi' ul-Akhlaq. The Wabr is a small animal that resembles a cat, and the largest thing on it is its ears and its torso, while the rest of it is ugly. Musaylimah intended by the composition of these nonsensical verses to produce something which would oppose the Qur'an. Yet, it was not even convincing to the idol worshipper of that time. At-Tabarani recorded from 'Abdullah bin Hisn Abi Madinah that he said, "Whenever two men from the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to meet, they would not part until one of them had recited Surat Al-'Asr in its entirety to the other, and one of them had given the greetings of peace to the other." Ash-Shafi'i said, "If the people were to ponder on this Surah, it would be sufficient for them." بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ - إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (1. By Al-'Asr.)(2. Verily, man is in loss.)(3. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and recommend one another to the truth, and recommend one another to patience.) Al-'Asr is the time in which the movements of the Children of Adam occur, whether good or evil. Malik narrated from Zayd bin Aslam that he said, "It is the evening." However, the first view is the popular opinion. Thus, Allah swears by this, that man is in Khusr, which means in loss and destruction. إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ (Except those who believe and do righteous good deeds) So Allah makes an exception, among the species of man being in loss, for those who believe in their hearts and work righteous deeds with their limbs. وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ (And recommend one another to the truth,) This is to perform acts of obedience and avoid the forbidden things. وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (And recommend one another to patience.) meaning, with the plots, the evils, and the harms of those who harm people due to their commanding them to do good and forbidding them from evil. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Asr, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

They have mentioned that 'Amr bin Al-'As went to visit Musaylimah Al-Kadhdhab after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was commissioned (as a Prophet) and before 'Amr had accepted Islam. Upon his arrival, Musaylimah said to him, "What has been revealed to your friend (Muhammad ﷺ) during this time?" 'Amr said, "A short and concise Surah has been revealed to him." Musaylimah then said, "What is it?" 'Amr replied; وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ - إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (By Al-'Asr. Verily, man is in loss. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and recommend one another to the truth, and recommend one another to patience.) So Musaylimah thought for a while. Then he said, "Indeed something similar has also been revealed to me." 'Amr asked him, "What is it?" He replied, "O Wabr (a small, furry mammal; hyrax), O Wabr! You are only two ears and a chest, and the rest of you is digging and burrowing." Then he said, "What do you think, O 'Amr?" So 'Amr said to him, "By Allah! Verily, you know that I know you are lying." I saw that Abu Bakr Al-Khara'iti mentioned a chain of narration for part of this story, or what was close to its meaning, in volume two of his famous book Masawi' ul-Akhlaq. The Wabr is a small animal that resembles a cat, and the largest thing on it is its ears and its torso, while the rest of it is ugly. Musaylimah intended by the composition of these nonsensical verses to produce something which would oppose the Qur'an. Yet, it was not even convincing to the idol worshipper of that time. At-Tabarani recorded from 'Abdullah bin Hisn Abi Madinah that he said, "Whenever two men from the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to meet, they would not part until one of them had recited Surat Al-'Asr in its entirety to the other, and one of them had given the greetings of peace to the other." Ash-Shafi'i said, "If the people were to ponder on this Surah, it would be sufficient for them." بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَالْعَصْرِ - إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ - إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (1. By Al-'Asr.)(2. Verily, man is in loss.)(3. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and recommend one another to the truth, and recommend one another to patience.) Al-'Asr is the time in which the movements of the Children of Adam occur, whether good or evil. Malik narrated from Zayd bin Aslam that he said, "It is the evening." However, the first view is the popular opinion. Thus, Allah swears by this, that man is in Khusr, which means in loss and destruction. إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ (Except those who believe and do righteous good deeds) So Allah makes an exception, among the species of man being in loss, for those who believe in their hearts and work righteous deeds with their limbs. وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ (And recommend one another to the truth,) This is to perform acts of obedience and avoid the forbidden things. وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ (And recommend one another to patience.) meaning, with the plots, the evils, and the harms of those who harm people due to their commanding them to do good and forbidding them from evil. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-'Asr, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ - الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ - يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ - كَلَّا ۖ لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ - وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ - إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ - فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (1. Woe to every Humazah Lumazah.)(2. Who has gathered wealth and counted it.)(3. He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!)(4. But no! Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.)(5. And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is?)(6. The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah,)(7. Which leaps up over the hearts.)(8. Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them,)(9. In pillars stretched forth.) Al-Hammaz refers to (slander) by speech, and Al-Lammaz refers to (slander) by action. This means that the person finds fault with people and belittles them. An explanation of this has already preceded in the discussion of Allah's statement, هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّاءٍ بِنَمِيمٍ (Hammaz, going about with slander)(68:11) Ibn 'Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says, الَّذِي جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying, وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَىٰ (And collect (wealth) and hide it.)(70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka'b said concerning Allah's statement, جَمَعَ مَالًا وَعَدَّدَهُ (gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says, يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ (He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life). كَلَّا (But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says, لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِي الْحُطَمَةِ (Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says, وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِي تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الْأَفْئِدَةِ (And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is? The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka'b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body." Concerning Allah's statement, إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ (Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says, فِي عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةٍ (In pillars stretched forth.) "Atiyah Al-'Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-'Awfi reported from Ibn 'Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (1. Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant?)(2. Did He not make their plot go astray?)(3. And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil).)(4. Striking them with stones of Sijjil.)(5. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) This is one of the favors Allah did for the Quraysh. He saved them from the People of the Elephant who had tried to tear down the Ka'bah and wipe out all traces of its existence. Allah destroyed them, defeated them, thwarted their plans, made their efforts in vain and sent them back routed. They were people who were Christians, and thus, their religion was closer to the True Religion (Islam) than the idolatry of the Quraysh. However, this was a means of giving a sign and preparing the way for the coming of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. For verily, he was born during that same year according to the most popular opinion. So the tongue of destiny was saying, "We will not help you, O people of Quraysh, because of any status you may have over the Ethiopians (Abyssinians). We are only helping you in order to defend the Ancient House (the Ka'bah), which We will honor, magnify, and venerate by sending the unlettered Prophet, Muhammad ﷺ, the Finality of all Prophets." A Summary of the Story of the People of the Elephant This is the story of the people of the Elephant, in brief, and summarized. It has already been mentioned in the story of the People of the Ditch that Dhu Nuas, the last king of Himyar, a polytheist – was the one who ordered killing the People of the Ditch. They were Christians and their number was approximately twenty thousand. None of them except a man named Daws Dhu Tha'laban escaped. He fled to Ash-Sham where he sought protection from Caesar, the emperor of Ash-Sham, who was also a Christian. Caesar wrote to An-Najashi, the king of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), who was closer to the home of the man. An-Najashi sent two governors with him: Aryat and Abrahah bin As-Sabah Abu Yaksum, along with a great army. The army entered Yemen and began searching the houses and looting in search of the king of Himyar (Dhu Nuwas). Dhu Nuwas was eventually killed by drowning in the sea. Thus, the Ethiopians were free to rule Yemen, with Aryat and Abrahah as its governors. However, they continually disagreed about matters, attacked each other, fought each other and warred against each other, until one of them said to the other, "There is no need for our two armies to fight. Instead let us fight each other (in a duel) and the one who kills the other will be the ruler of Yemen." So the other accepted the challenge and they held a duel. Behind each man was a channel of water (to keep either from fleeing). Aryat gained the upper hand and struck Abrahah with his sword, splitting his nose and mouth, and slashing his face. But 'Atawdah, Abrahah's guard, attacked Aryat and killed him. Thus, Abrahah returned wounded to Yemen where he was treated for his injuries and recovered. He thus became the commander of the Abyssinian army in Yemen. Then the king of Abyssinia, An-Najashi wrote to him, blaming him for what had happened (between him and Aryat) and threatened him, saying that he swore to tread on the soil of Yemen and cut off his forelock. Therefore, Abrahah sent a messenger with gifts and precious objects to An-Najashi to appease him and flatter him, and a sack containing soil from Yemen and a piece of hair cut from his forelock. He said in his letter to the king, "Let the king walk upon this soil and thus fulfill his oath, and this is my forelock hair that I send to you." When An-Najashi received this, he was pleased with Abrahah and gave him his approval. Then Abrahah wrote to An-Najashi saying that he would build a church for him in Yemen the like of which had never been built before. Thus, he began to build a huge church in San'a', tall and beautifully crafted and decorated on all sides. The Arabs called it Al-Qullays because of its great height, and because if one looked at it, his cap would be in danger of falling off as he tilted his head back. Then Abrahah Al-Ashram decided to force the Arabs to make their pilgrimage to this magnificent church, just as they had performed pilgrimage to the Ka'bah in Makkah. He announced this in his kingdom (Yemen), but it was rejected by the Arab tribes of 'Adnan and Qahtan. The Quraysh were infuriated by it, so much so that one of them journeyed to the church and entered it one night. He then relieved himself in the church and ran away (escaping the people). When its custodians saw what he had done, they reported it to their king, Abrahah, saying; "One of the Quraysh has done this in anger over their House in whose place you have appointed this church." Upon hearing this, Abrahah swore to march to the House of Makkah (the Ka'bah) and destroy it stone by stone. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that a group of young men from the Quraysh entered the church and started a fire in it on an extremely windy day. So the church caught on fire and collapsed to the ground. Due to this Abrahah prepared himself and set out with a huge and powerful army so that none might prevent him from carrying out his mission. He took along a great, powerful elephant that had a huge body the like of which had never been seen before. This elephant was called Mahmud and it was sent to Abrahah from An-Najashi, the king of Abyssinia, particularly for this expedition. It has also been said that he had eight other elephants with him; their number was also reported to be twelve, plus the large one, Mahmud – and Allah knows best. Their intention was to use this big elephant to demolish the Ka'bah. They planned to do this by fastening chains to the pillars of the Ka'bah and placing the other ends around the neck of the elephant. Then they would make the elephant pull on them in order to tear down the walls of the Ka'bah all at one time. When the Arabs heard of Abrahah's expedition, they considered it an extremely grave matter. They held it to be an obligation upon them to defend the Sacred House and repel whoever intended a plot against it. Thus, the noblest man of the people of Yemen and the greatest of their chiefs set out to face him (Abrahah). His name was Dhu Nafr. He called his people, and whoever would respond to his call among the Arabs, to go to war against Abrahah and fight in defense of the Sacred House. He called the people to stop Abrahah's plan to demolish and tear down the Ka'bah. So the people responded to him and they entered into battle with Abrahah, but he defeated them. This was due to Allah's will and His intent to honor and venerate the Ka'bah. Dhu Nafr was captured and taken along with the army of Abrahah. The army continued on its way until it came to the land of Khath'am where it was confronted by Nufayl bin Habib Al-Kath'ami along with his people, the Shahran and Nahis tribes. They fought Abrahah but he defeated them and captured Nufayl bin Habib. Initially he wanted to kill him, but he forgave him and took him as his guide to show him the way to Al-Hijaz. When they approached the area of At-Ta'if, its people – the people of Thaqif – went out to Abrahah. They wanted to appease him because they were fearful for their place of worship, which they called Al-Lat. Abrahah was kind to them and they sent a man named Abu Righal with him as a guide. When they reached a place known as Al-Mughammas, which is near Makkah, they settled there. Then he sent his troops on a foray to capture the camels and other grazing animals of the Makkans, which they did, including about two hundred camels belonging to 'Abdul-Muttalib. The leader of this particular expedition was a man named Al-Aswad bin Mafsud. According to what Ibn Ishaq mentioned, some of the Arabs used to satirize him (because of the part he played in this historical incident). Then Abrahah sent an emissary named Hanatah Al-Himyari to enter Makkah, commanding him to bring the head of the Quraysh to him. He also commanded him to inform him that the king will not fight the people of Makkah unless they try to prevent him from the destruction of the Ka'bah. Hanatah went to the city and he was directed to 'Abdul-Muttalib bin Hashim, to whom he relayed Abrahah's message. Abdul-Muttalib replied, "By Allah! We have no wish to fight him, nor are we in any position to do so. This is the Sacred House of Allah, and the house of His Khalil, Ibrahim, and if He wishes to prevent him (Abrahah) from (destroying) it, it is His House and His Sacred Place (to do so). And if He lets him approach it, by Allah, We have no means to defend it from him." So Hanatah told him, "Come with me to him (Abrahah)." And so 'Abdul-Muttalib went with him. When Abrahah saw him, he was impressed by him, because 'Abdul-Muttalib was a large and handsome man. So Abrahah descended from his seat and sat with him on a carpet on the ground. Then he asked his translator to say to him, "What do you need?" 'Abdul-Muttalib replied to the translator, "I want the king to return my camels which he has taken from me which are two hundred in number." Abrahah then told his translator to tell him, "I was impressed by you when I first saw you, but now I withdraw from you after you have spoken to me. You are asking me about two hundred camels which I have taken from you and you leave the matter of a house which is (the foundation of) religion and the religion of your fathers, which I have come to destroy and you do not speak to me about it?" Abdul-Muttalib said to him, "Verily, I am the lord of the camels. As for the House, it has its Lord Who will defend it." Abrahah said, "I cannot be prevented (from destroying it)." 'Abdul-Muttalib answered, "Then do so." It is said that a number of the chiefs of the Arabs accompanied 'Abdul-Muttalib and offered Abrahah a third of the wealth of the tribe of Tihamah if he would withdraw from the House, but he refused and returned 'Abdul-Muttalib's camels to him. 'Abdul-Muttalib then returned to his people and ordered them to leave Makkah and seek shelter at the top of the mountains, fearful of the excesses which might be committed by the army against them. Then he took hold of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and along with a number of Quraysh, he called upon Allah to give them victory over Abrahah and his army. 'Abdul-Muttalib said, while hanging on to the ring of the Ka'bah's door, "There is no matter more important to any man right now than the defense of his livestock and property. So, O my Lord! Defend Your property. Their cross and their cunning will not be victorious over your cunning by the time morning comes." According to Ibn Ishaq, then 'Abdul-Muttalib let go of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and they left Makkah and ascended to the mountains tops. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that they left one hundred animals (camels) tied near the Ka'bah hoping that some of the army would take some of them without a right to do so, and thus bring about the vengeance of Allah upon themselves. When morning came, Abrahah prepared to enter the sacred city of Makkah. He prepared the elephant named Mahmud. He mobilized his army, and they turned the elephant towards the Ka'bah. At that moment Nufayl bin Habib approached it and stood next to it, and taking it by its ear, he said, "Kneel, Mahmud! Then turn around and return directly to whence you came. For verily, you are in the Sacred City of Allah." Then he released the elephant's ear and it knelt, after which Nufayl bin Habib left and hastened to the mountains. Abrahah's men beat the elephant in an attempt to make it rise, but it refused. They beat it on its head with axes and used hooked staffs to pull it out of its resistance and make it stand, but it refused. So they turned him towards Yemen, and he rose and walked quickly. Then they turned him towards Ash-Sham and he did likewise. Then they turned him towards the east and he did the same thing. Then they turned him towards Makkah and he knelt down again. Then Allah sent against them the birds from the sea, like swallows and herons. Each bird carried three stones the size of chickpeas and lentils, one in each claw and one in its beak. Everyone who was hit by them was destroyed, though not all of them were hit. They fled in panic along the road asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl that he might point out to them the way home. Nufayl, however, was at the top of the mountain with the Quraysh and the Arabs of the Hijaz observing the wrath which Allah had caused to descend on the people of the elephant. Nufayl then began to say, "Where will they flee when the One True God is the Pursuer? For Al-Ashram is defeated and not the victor. Ibn Ishaq reported that Nufayl said these lines of poetry at that time, "Didn't you live with continued support? We favored you all with a revolving eye in the morning (i.e., a guide along the way). If you saw, but you did not see it at the side of the rock covered mountain that which we saw. Then you will excuse me and praise my affair, and do not grieve over what is lost between us. I praised Allah when I saw the birds, and I feared that the stones might be thrown down upon us. So all the people are asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl, as if I have some debt that I owe the Abyssinians." Ata' bin Yasar and others have said that all of them were not struck by the torment at this hour of retribution. Rather some of them were destroyed immediately, while others were gradually broken down limb by limb while trying to escape. Abrahah was of those who was broken down limb by limb until he eventually died in the land of Khath'am. Ibn Ishaq said that they left (Makkah) being struck down and destroyed along every path and at every water spring. Abrahah's body was afflicted by the pestilence of the stones and his army carried him away with them as he was falling apart piece by piece, until they arrived back in San'a'. When they arrived there he was but like the baby chick of a bird. And he did not die until his heart fell out of his chest. So they claim. Ibn Ishaq said that when Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ with the prophethood, among the things that he used to recount to the Quraysh as blessings that Allah had favored them with of His bounties, was His defending them from the attack of the Abyssinians. Due to this they (the Quraysh) were allowed to remain (safely in Makkah) for a period of time. Thus, Allah said, أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? Did He not make their plot go astray? And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil). Striking them with stones of Sijjil. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh, their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer. So, let them worship the Lord of this House, Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.)(106:1-4) meaning, that Allah would not alter their situation because Allah wanted good for them if they accepted Him. Ibn Hisham said, "Al-Ababil are the groups, as the Arabs do not speak of just one (bird)." He also said, "As for As-Sijjil, Yunus An-Nahwi and Abu 'Ubaydah have informed me that according to the Arabs, it means something hard and solid." He then said, "Some of the commentators have mentioned that it is actually two Persian words that the Arabs have made into one word. The two words are Sanj and Jil, Sanj meaning stones, and Jil meaning clay. The rocks are of these two types: stone and clay." He continued saying, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of the crops that are not gathered. One of them is called 'Asfah." This is the end of what he mentioned. Hammad bin Salamah narrated from 'Asim, who related from Zirr, who related from 'Abdullah and Abu Salamah bin 'Abdur-Rahman that they said, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds Ababil.) "In groups." Ibn 'Abbas and Ad-Dahhak both said, "Ababil means some of them following after others." Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah both said, "Ababil means many." Mujahid said, "Ababil means in various, successive groups." Ibn Zayd said, "Ababil means different, coming from here and there. They came upon them from everywhere." Al-Kasa'i said, "I heard some of the grammarians saying, "The singular of Ababil is Ibil." Ibn Jarir recorded from Ishaq bin 'Abdullah bin Al-Harith bin Nawfal that he said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "This means in divisions just as camels march in divisions (in their herds)." It is reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "They had snouts like the beaks of birds and paws like the paws of dogs." It has been reported that 'Ikrimah said commenting on Allah's statement, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were green birds that came out of the sea and they had heads like the heads of predatory animals." It has been reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he commented: طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were black birds of the sea that had stones in their beaks and claws." And the chains of narration (for these statements) are all authentic. It is reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he said, "When Allah wanted to destroy the People of the Elephant, he sent birds upon them that came from sea swallows. Each of the birds was carrying three small stones – two stones with its feet and one stone in its beak. They came until they gathered in rows over their heads. Then they gave a loud cry and threw what was in their claws and beaks. Thus, no stone fell upon the head of any man except that it came out of his behind (i.e., it went through him), and it did not fall on any part of his body except that it came out from the opposite side. Then Allah sent a severe wind that struck the stones and increased them in force. Thus, they were all destroyed." Concerning Allah's statement, فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) Sa'id bin Jubayr said, "This means straw, which the common people call Habbur." In a report from Sa'id he said, "The leaves of wheat." He also said, "Al-'Asf is straw, and Al-Ma'kul refers to the fodder that is cut for animals." Al-Hasan Al-Basri said the same thing. Ibn 'Abbas said, "Al-'Asf is the shell of the grain, just like the covering of wheat." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of vegetation and produce. When the cattle eat it they defecate it out and it becomes dung." The meaning of this is that Allah destroyed them, annihilated them and repelled them in their plan and their anger. They did not achieve any good. He made a mass destruction of them, and not one of them returned (to their land) to relate what happened except that he was wounded. This is just like what happened to their king, Abrahah. For indeed he was split open, exposing his heart when he reached his land of San'a'. He informed the people of what happened to them and then he died. His son Yaksum became the king after him, and then Yaksum's brother, Masruq bin Abrahah succeeded him. Then Sayf bin Dhi Yazan Al-Himyari went to Kisra (the king of Persia) and sought his help against the Abyssinians. Therefore, Kisra dispatched some of his army with Sayf Al-Himyari to fight with him against the Abyssinians. Thus, Allah returned their kingdom to them (i.e., the Arabs of Yemen) along with all the sovereignty their fathers possessed. Then large delegations of Arabs came to him (Sayf Al-Himyari) to congratulate him for their victory. We have mentioned previously in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fath that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached the mountain pass that would lead him to the Quraysh on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah, his she-camel knelt down. Then the people attempted to make her get up but she refused. So, the people said, "Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn." The Prophet ﷺ replied, مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ، وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ، وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ (Al-Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for that is not part of her character. Rather, she has been stopped by He Who restrained the Elephant (of Abrahah).) Then he said, وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونِّي الْيَوْمَ خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ إِلَّا أَجَبْتُهُمْ إِلَيْهَا (I swear by He in Whose Hand is my soul, they (the Quraysh) will not ask me for any matter (of the treaty) in which the sacred things of Allah are honored except that I will agree with them on it.) Then he beckoned the she-camel to rise and she stood up. This Hadith is of those that Al-Bukhari was alone in recording. It has been recorded in the Two Sahihs that on the Day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, إِنَّ اللهَ حَبَسَ عَنْ مَكَّةَ الْفِيلَ، وَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ، أَلَا فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ (Verily, Allah restrained the Elephant from Makkah, and He has given His Messenger and the believers authority over it. And indeed its sacredness has returned just as it was sacred yesterday. So, let those who are present inform those who are absent.) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fil, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (1. Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant?)(2. Did He not make their plot go astray?)(3. And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil).)(4. Striking them with stones of Sijjil.)(5. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) This is one of the favors Allah did for the Quraysh. He saved them from the People of the Elephant who had tried to tear down the Ka'bah and wipe out all traces of its existence. Allah destroyed them, defeated them, thwarted their plans, made their efforts in vain and sent them back routed. They were people who were Christians, and thus, their religion was closer to the True Religion (Islam) than the idolatry of the Quraysh. However, this was a means of giving a sign and preparing the way for the coming of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. For verily, he was born during that same year according to the most popular opinion. So the tongue of destiny was saying, "We will not help you, O people of Quraysh, because of any status you may have over the Ethiopians (Abyssinians). We are only helping you in order to defend the Ancient House (the Ka'bah), which We will honor, magnify, and venerate by sending the unlettered Prophet, Muhammad ﷺ, the Finality of all Prophets." A Summary of the Story of the People of the Elephant This is the story of the people of the Elephant, in brief, and summarized. It has already been mentioned in the story of the People of the Ditch that Dhu Nuas, the last king of Himyar, a polytheist – was the one who ordered killing the People of the Ditch. They were Christians and their number was approximately twenty thousand. None of them except a man named Daws Dhu Tha'laban escaped. He fled to Ash-Sham where he sought protection from Caesar, the emperor of Ash-Sham, who was also a Christian. Caesar wrote to An-Najashi, the king of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), who was closer to the home of the man. An-Najashi sent two governors with him: Aryat and Abrahah bin As-Sabah Abu Yaksum, along with a great army. The army entered Yemen and began searching the houses and looting in search of the king of Himyar (Dhu Nuwas). Dhu Nuwas was eventually killed by drowning in the sea. Thus, the Ethiopians were free to rule Yemen, with Aryat and Abrahah as its governors. However, they continually disagreed about matters, attacked each other, fought each other and warred against each other, until one of them said to the other, "There is no need for our two armies to fight. Instead let us fight each other (in a duel) and the one who kills the other will be the ruler of Yemen." So the other accepted the challenge and they held a duel. Behind each man was a channel of water (to keep either from fleeing). Aryat gained the upper hand and struck Abrahah with his sword, splitting his nose and mouth, and slashing his face. But 'Atawdah, Abrahah's guard, attacked Aryat and killed him. Thus, Abrahah returned wounded to Yemen where he was treated for his injuries and recovered. He thus became the commander of the Abyssinian army in Yemen. Then the king of Abyssinia, An-Najashi wrote to him, blaming him for what had happened (between him and Aryat) and threatened him, saying that he swore to tread on the soil of Yemen and cut off his forelock. Therefore, Abrahah sent a messenger with gifts and precious objects to An-Najashi to appease him and flatter him, and a sack containing soil from Yemen and a piece of hair cut from his forelock. He said in his letter to the king, "Let the king walk upon this soil and thus fulfill his oath, and this is my forelock hair that I send to you." When An-Najashi received this, he was pleased with Abrahah and gave him his approval. Then Abrahah wrote to An-Najashi saying that he would build a church for him in Yemen the like of which had never been built before. Thus, he began to build a huge church in San'a', tall and beautifully crafted and decorated on all sides. The Arabs called it Al-Qullays because of its great height, and because if one looked at it, his cap would be in danger of falling off as he tilted his head back. Then Abrahah Al-Ashram decided to force the Arabs to make their pilgrimage to this magnificent church, just as they had performed pilgrimage to the Ka'bah in Makkah. He announced this in his kingdom (Yemen), but it was rejected by the Arab tribes of 'Adnan and Qahtan. The Quraysh were infuriated by it, so much so that one of them journeyed to the church and entered it one night. He then relieved himself in the church and ran away (escaping the people). When its custodians saw what he had done, they reported it to their king, Abrahah, saying; "One of the Quraysh has done this in anger over their House in whose place you have appointed this church." Upon hearing this, Abrahah swore to march to the House of Makkah (the Ka'bah) and destroy it stone by stone. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that a group of young men from the Quraysh entered the church and started a fire in it on an extremely windy day. So the church caught on fire and collapsed to the ground. Due to this Abrahah prepared himself and set out with a huge and powerful army so that none might prevent him from carrying out his mission. He took along a great, powerful elephant that had a huge body the like of which had never been seen before. This elephant was called Mahmud and it was sent to Abrahah from An-Najashi, the king of Abyssinia, particularly for this expedition. It has also been said that he had eight other elephants with him; their number was also reported to be twelve, plus the large one, Mahmud – and Allah knows best. Their intention was to use this big elephant to demolish the Ka'bah. They planned to do this by fastening chains to the pillars of the Ka'bah and placing the other ends around the neck of the elephant. Then they would make the elephant pull on them in order to tear down the walls of the Ka'bah all at one time. When the Arabs heard of Abrahah's expedition, they considered it an extremely grave matter. They held it to be an obligation upon them to defend the Sacred House and repel whoever intended a plot against it. Thus, the noblest man of the people of Yemen and the greatest of their chiefs set out to face him (Abrahah). His name was Dhu Nafr. He called his people, and whoever would respond to his call among the Arabs, to go to war against Abrahah and fight in defense of the Sacred House. He called the people to stop Abrahah's plan to demolish and tear down the Ka'bah. So the people responded to him and they entered into battle with Abrahah, but he defeated them. This was due to Allah's will and His intent to honor and venerate the Ka'bah. Dhu Nafr was captured and taken along with the army of Abrahah. The army continued on its way until it came to the land of Khath'am where it was confronted by Nufayl bin Habib Al-Kath'ami along with his people, the Shahran and Nahis tribes. They fought Abrahah but he defeated them and captured Nufayl bin Habib. Initially he wanted to kill him, but he forgave him and took him as his guide to show him the way to Al-Hijaz. When they approached the area of At-Ta'if, its people – the people of Thaqif – went out to Abrahah. They wanted to appease him because they were fearful for their place of worship, which they called Al-Lat. Abrahah was kind to them and they sent a man named Abu Righal with him as a guide. When they reached a place known as Al-Mughammas, which is near Makkah, they settled there. Then he sent his troops on a foray to capture the camels and other grazing animals of the Makkans, which they did, including about two hundred camels belonging to 'Abdul-Muttalib. The leader of this particular expedition was a man named Al-Aswad bin Mafsud. According to what Ibn Ishaq mentioned, some of the Arabs used to satirize him (because of the part he played in this historical incident). Then Abrahah sent an emissary named Hanatah Al-Himyari to enter Makkah, commanding him to bring the head of the Quraysh to him. He also commanded him to inform him that the king will not fight the people of Makkah unless they try to prevent him from the destruction of the Ka'bah. Hanatah went to the city and he was directed to 'Abdul-Muttalib bin Hashim, to whom he relayed Abrahah's message. Abdul-Muttalib replied, "By Allah! We have no wish to fight him, nor are we in any position to do so. This is the Sacred House of Allah, and the house of His Khalil, Ibrahim, and if He wishes to prevent him (Abrahah) from (destroying) it, it is His House and His Sacred Place (to do so). And if He lets him approach it, by Allah, We have no means to defend it from him." So Hanatah told him, "Come with me to him (Abrahah)." And so 'Abdul-Muttalib went with him. When Abrahah saw him, he was impressed by him, because 'Abdul-Muttalib was a large and handsome man. So Abrahah descended from his seat and sat with him on a carpet on the ground. Then he asked his translator to say to him, "What do you need?" 'Abdul-Muttalib replied to the translator, "I want the king to return my camels which he has taken from me which are two hundred in number." Abrahah then told his translator to tell him, "I was impressed by you when I first saw you, but now I withdraw from you after you have spoken to me. You are asking me about two hundred camels which I have taken from you and you leave the matter of a house which is (the foundation of) religion and the religion of your fathers, which I have come to destroy and you do not speak to me about it?" Abdul-Muttalib said to him, "Verily, I am the lord of the camels. As for the House, it has its Lord Who will defend it." Abrahah said, "I cannot be prevented (from destroying it)." 'Abdul-Muttalib answered, "Then do so." It is said that a number of the chiefs of the Arabs accompanied 'Abdul-Muttalib and offered Abrahah a third of the wealth of the tribe of Tihamah if he would withdraw from the House, but he refused and returned 'Abdul-Muttalib's camels to him. 'Abdul-Muttalib then returned to his people and ordered them to leave Makkah and seek shelter at the top of the mountains, fearful of the excesses which might be committed by the army against them. Then he took hold of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and along with a number of Quraysh, he called upon Allah to give them victory over Abrahah and his army. 'Abdul-Muttalib said, while hanging on to the ring of the Ka'bah's door, "There is no matter more important to any man right now than the defense of his livestock and property. So, O my Lord! Defend Your property. Their cross and their cunning will not be victorious over your cunning by the time morning comes." According to Ibn Ishaq, then 'Abdul-Muttalib let go of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and they left Makkah and ascended to the mountains tops. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that they left one hundred animals (camels) tied near the Ka'bah hoping that some of the army would take some of them without a right to do so, and thus bring about the vengeance of Allah upon themselves. When morning came, Abrahah prepared to enter the sacred city of Makkah. He prepared the elephant named Mahmud. He mobilized his army, and they turned the elephant towards the Ka'bah. At that moment Nufayl bin Habib approached it and stood next to it, and taking it by its ear, he said, "Kneel, Mahmud! Then turn around and return directly to whence you came. For verily, you are in the Sacred City of Allah." Then he released the elephant's ear and it knelt, after which Nufayl bin Habib left and hastened to the mountains. Abrahah's men beat the elephant in an attempt to make it rise, but it refused. They beat it on its head with axes and used hooked staffs to pull it out of its resistance and make it stand, but it refused. So they turned him towards Yemen, and he rose and walked quickly. Then they turned him towards Ash-Sham and he did likewise. Then they turned him towards the east and he did the same thing. Then they turned him towards Makkah and he knelt down again. Then Allah sent against them the birds from the sea, like swallows and herons. Each bird carried three stones the size of chickpeas and lentils, one in each claw and one in its beak. Everyone who was hit by them was destroyed, though not all of them were hit. They fled in panic along the road asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl that he might point out to them the way home. Nufayl, however, was at the top of the mountain with the Quraysh and the Arabs of the Hijaz observing the wrath which Allah had caused to descend on the people of the elephant. Nufayl then began to say, "Where will they flee when the One True God is the Pursuer? For Al-Ashram is defeated and not the victor. Ibn Ishaq reported that Nufayl said these lines of poetry at that time, "Didn't you live with continued support? We favored you all with a revolving eye in the morning (i.e., a guide along the way). If you saw, but you did not see it at the side of the rock covered mountain that which we saw. Then you will excuse me and praise my affair, and do not grieve over what is lost between us. I praised Allah when I saw the birds, and I feared that the stones might be thrown down upon us. So all the people are asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl, as if I have some debt that I owe the Abyssinians." Ata' bin Yasar and others have said that all of them were not struck by the torment at this hour of retribution. Rather some of them were destroyed immediately, while others were gradually broken down limb by limb while trying to escape. Abrahah was of those who was broken down limb by limb until he eventually died in the land of Khath'am. Ibn Ishaq said that they left (Makkah) being struck down and destroyed along every path and at every water spring. Abrahah's body was afflicted by the pestilence of the stones and his army carried him away with them as he was falling apart piece by piece, until they arrived back in San'a'. When they arrived there he was but like the baby chick of a bird. And he did not die until his heart fell out of his chest. So they claim. Ibn Ishaq said that when Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ with the prophethood, among the things that he used to recount to the Quraysh as blessings that Allah had favored them with of His bounties, was His defending them from the attack of the Abyssinians. Due to this they (the Quraysh) were allowed to remain (safely in Makkah) for a period of time. Thus, Allah said, أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? Did He not make their plot go astray? And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil). Striking them with stones of Sijjil. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh, their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer. So, let them worship the Lord of this House, Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.)(106:1-4) meaning, that Allah would not alter their situation because Allah wanted good for them if they accepted Him. Ibn Hisham said, "Al-Ababil are the groups, as the Arabs do not speak of just one (bird)." He also said, "As for As-Sijjil, Yunus An-Nahwi and Abu 'Ubaydah have informed me that according to the Arabs, it means something hard and solid." He then said, "Some of the commentators have mentioned that it is actually two Persian words that the Arabs have made into one word. The two words are Sanj and Jil, Sanj meaning stones, and Jil meaning clay. The rocks are of these two types: stone and clay." He continued saying, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of the crops that are not gathered. One of them is called 'Asfah." This is the end of what he mentioned. Hammad bin Salamah narrated from 'Asim, who related from Zirr, who related from 'Abdullah and Abu Salamah bin 'Abdur-Rahman that they said, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds Ababil.) "In groups." Ibn 'Abbas and Ad-Dahhak both said, "Ababil means some of them following after others." Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah both said, "Ababil means many." Mujahid said, "Ababil means in various, successive groups." Ibn Zayd said, "Ababil means different, coming from here and there. They came upon them from everywhere." Al-Kasa'i said, "I heard some of the grammarians saying, "The singular of Ababil is Ibil." Ibn Jarir recorded from Ishaq bin 'Abdullah bin Al-Harith bin Nawfal that he said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "This means in divisions just as camels march in divisions (in their herds)." It is reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "They had snouts like the beaks of birds and paws like the paws of dogs." It has been reported that 'Ikrimah said commenting on Allah's statement, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were green birds that came out of the sea and they had heads like the heads of predatory animals." It has been reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he commented: طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were black birds of the sea that had stones in their beaks and claws." And the chains of narration (for these statements) are all authentic. It is reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he said, "When Allah wanted to destroy the People of the Elephant, he sent birds upon them that came from sea swallows. Each of the birds was carrying three small stones – two stones with its feet and one stone in its beak. They came until they gathered in rows over their heads. Then they gave a loud cry and threw what was in their claws and beaks. Thus, no stone fell upon the head of any man except that it came out of his behind (i.e., it went through him), and it did not fall on any part of his body except that it came out from the opposite side. Then Allah sent a severe wind that struck the stones and increased them in force. Thus, they were all destroyed." Concerning Allah's statement, فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) Sa'id bin Jubayr said, "This means straw, which the common people call Habbur." In a report from Sa'id he said, "The leaves of wheat." He also said, "Al-'Asf is straw, and Al-Ma'kul refers to the fodder that is cut for animals." Al-Hasan Al-Basri said the same thing. Ibn 'Abbas said, "Al-'Asf is the shell of the grain, just like the covering of wheat." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of vegetation and produce. When the cattle eat it they defecate it out and it becomes dung." The meaning of this is that Allah destroyed them, annihilated them and repelled them in their plan and their anger. They did not achieve any good. He made a mass destruction of them, and not one of them returned (to their land) to relate what happened except that he was wounded. This is just like what happened to their king, Abrahah. For indeed he was split open, exposing his heart when he reached his land of San'a'. He informed the people of what happened to them and then he died. His son Yaksum became the king after him, and then Yaksum's brother, Masruq bin Abrahah succeeded him. Then Sayf bin Dhi Yazan Al-Himyari went to Kisra (the king of Persia) and sought his help against the Abyssinians. Therefore, Kisra dispatched some of his army with Sayf Al-Himyari to fight with him against the Abyssinians. Thus, Allah returned their kingdom to them (i.e., the Arabs of Yemen) along with all the sovereignty their fathers possessed. Then large delegations of Arabs came to him (Sayf Al-Himyari) to congratulate him for their victory. We have mentioned previously in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fath that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached the mountain pass that would lead him to the Quraysh on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah, his she-camel knelt down. Then the people attempted to make her get up but she refused. So, the people said, "Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn." The Prophet ﷺ replied, مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ، وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ، وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ (Al-Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for that is not part of her character. Rather, she has been stopped by He Who restrained the Elephant (of Abrahah).) Then he said, وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونِّي الْيَوْمَ خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ إِلَّا أَجَبْتُهُمْ إِلَيْهَا (I swear by He in Whose Hand is my soul, they (the Quraysh) will not ask me for any matter (of the treaty) in which the sacred things of Allah are honored except that I will agree with them on it.) Then he beckoned the she-camel to rise and she stood up. This Hadith is of those that Al-Bukhari was alone in recording. It has been recorded in the Two Sahihs that on the Day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, إِنَّ اللهَ حَبَسَ عَنْ مَكَّةَ الْفِيلَ، وَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ، أَلَا فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ (Verily, Allah restrained the Elephant from Makkah, and He has given His Messenger and the believers authority over it. And indeed its sacredness has returned just as it was sacred yesterday. So, let those who are present inform those who are absent.) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fil, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (1. Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant?)(2. Did He not make their plot go astray?)(3. And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil).)(4. Striking them with stones of Sijjil.)(5. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) This is one of the favors Allah did for the Quraysh. He saved them from the People of the Elephant who had tried to tear down the Ka'bah and wipe out all traces of its existence. Allah destroyed them, defeated them, thwarted their plans, made their efforts in vain and sent them back routed. They were people who were Christians, and thus, their religion was closer to the True Religion (Islam) than the idolatry of the Quraysh. However, this was a means of giving a sign and preparing the way for the coming of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. For verily, he was born during that same year according to the most popular opinion. So the tongue of destiny was saying, "We will not help you, O people of Quraysh, because of any status you may have over the Ethiopians (Abyssinians). We are only helping you in order to defend the Ancient House (the Ka'bah), which We will honor, magnify, and venerate by sending the unlettered Prophet, Muhammad ﷺ, the Finality of all Prophets." A Summary of the Story of the People of the Elephant This is the story of the people of the Elephant, in brief, and summarized. It has already been mentioned in the story of the People of the Ditch that Dhu Nuas, the last king of Himyar, a polytheist – was the one who ordered killing the People of the Ditch. They were Christians and their number was approximately twenty thousand. None of them except a man named Daws Dhu Tha'laban escaped. He fled to Ash-Sham where he sought protection from Caesar, the emperor of Ash-Sham, who was also a Christian. Caesar wrote to An-Najashi, the king of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), who was closer to the home of the man. An-Najashi sent two governors with him: Aryat and Abrahah bin As-Sabah Abu Yaksum, along with a great army. The army entered Yemen and began searching the houses and looting in search of the king of Himyar (Dhu Nuwas). Dhu Nuwas was eventually killed by drowning in the sea. Thus, the Ethiopians were free to rule Yemen, with Aryat and Abrahah as its governors. However, they continually disagreed about matters, attacked each other, fought each other and warred against each other, until one of them said to the other, "There is no need for our two armies to fight. Instead let us fight each other (in a duel) and the one who kills the other will be the ruler of Yemen." So the other accepted the challenge and they held a duel. Behind each man was a channel of water (to keep either from fleeing). Aryat gained the upper hand and struck Abrahah with his sword, splitting his nose and mouth, and slashing his face. But 'Atawdah, Abrahah's guard, attacked Aryat and killed him. Thus, Abrahah returned wounded to Yemen where he was treated for his injuries and recovered. He thus became the commander of the Abyssinian army in Yemen. Then the king of Abyssinia, An-Najashi wrote to him, blaming him for what had happened (between him and Aryat) and threatened him, saying that he swore to tread on the soil of Yemen and cut off his forelock. Therefore, Abrahah sent a messenger with gifts and precious objects to An-Najashi to appease him and flatter him, and a sack containing soil from Yemen and a piece of hair cut from his forelock. He said in his letter to the king, "Let the king walk upon this soil and thus fulfill his oath, and this is my forelock hair that I send to you." When An-Najashi received this, he was pleased with Abrahah and gave him his approval. Then Abrahah wrote to An-Najashi saying that he would build a church for him in Yemen the like of which had never been built before. Thus, he began to build a huge church in San'a', tall and beautifully crafted and decorated on all sides. The Arabs called it Al-Qullays because of its great height, and because if one looked at it, his cap would be in danger of falling off as he tilted his head back. Then Abrahah Al-Ashram decided to force the Arabs to make their pilgrimage to this magnificent church, just as they had performed pilgrimage to the Ka'bah in Makkah. He announced this in his kingdom (Yemen), but it was rejected by the Arab tribes of 'Adnan and Qahtan. The Quraysh were infuriated by it, so much so that one of them journeyed to the church and entered it one night. He then relieved himself in the church and ran away (escaping the people). When its custodians saw what he had done, they reported it to their king, Abrahah, saying; "One of the Quraysh has done this in anger over their House in whose place you have appointed this church." Upon hearing this, Abrahah swore to march to the House of Makkah (the Ka'bah) and destroy it stone by stone. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that a group of young men from the Quraysh entered the church and started a fire in it on an extremely windy day. So the church caught on fire and collapsed to the ground. Due to this Abrahah prepared himself and set out with a huge and powerful army so that none might prevent him from carrying out his mission. He took along a great, powerful elephant that had a huge body the like of which had never been seen before. This elephant was called Mahmud and it was sent to Abrahah from An-Najashi, the king of Abyssinia, particularly for this expedition. It has also been said that he had eight other elephants with him; their number was also reported to be twelve, plus the large one, Mahmud – and Allah knows best. Their intention was to use this big elephant to demolish the Ka'bah. They planned to do this by fastening chains to the pillars of the Ka'bah and placing the other ends around the neck of the elephant. Then they would make the elephant pull on them in order to tear down the walls of the Ka'bah all at one time. When the Arabs heard of Abrahah's expedition, they considered it an extremely grave matter. They held it to be an obligation upon them to defend the Sacred House and repel whoever intended a plot against it. Thus, the noblest man of the people of Yemen and the greatest of their chiefs set out to face him (Abrahah). His name was Dhu Nafr. He called his people, and whoever would respond to his call among the Arabs, to go to war against Abrahah and fight in defense of the Sacred House. He called the people to stop Abrahah's plan to demolish and tear down the Ka'bah. So the people responded to him and they entered into battle with Abrahah, but he defeated them. This was due to Allah's will and His intent to honor and venerate the Ka'bah. Dhu Nafr was captured and taken along with the army of Abrahah. The army continued on its way until it came to the land of Khath'am where it was confronted by Nufayl bin Habib Al-Kath'ami along with his people, the Shahran and Nahis tribes. They fought Abrahah but he defeated them and captured Nufayl bin Habib. Initially he wanted to kill him, but he forgave him and took him as his guide to show him the way to Al-Hijaz. When they approached the area of At-Ta'if, its people – the people of Thaqif – went out to Abrahah. They wanted to appease him because they were fearful for their place of worship, which they called Al-Lat. Abrahah was kind to them and they sent a man named Abu Righal with him as a guide. When they reached a place known as Al-Mughammas, which is near Makkah, they settled there. Then he sent his troops on a foray to capture the camels and other grazing animals of the Makkans, which they did, including about two hundred camels belonging to 'Abdul-Muttalib. The leader of this particular expedition was a man named Al-Aswad bin Mafsud. According to what Ibn Ishaq mentioned, some of the Arabs used to satirize him (because of the part he played in this historical incident). Then Abrahah sent an emissary named Hanatah Al-Himyari to enter Makkah, commanding him to bring the head of the Quraysh to him. He also commanded him to inform him that the king will not fight the people of Makkah unless they try to prevent him from the destruction of the Ka'bah. Hanatah went to the city and he was directed to 'Abdul-Muttalib bin Hashim, to whom he relayed Abrahah's message. Abdul-Muttalib replied, "By Allah! We have no wish to fight him, nor are we in any position to do so. This is the Sacred House of Allah, and the house of His Khalil, Ibrahim, and if He wishes to prevent him (Abrahah) from (destroying) it, it is His House and His Sacred Place (to do so). And if He lets him approach it, by Allah, We have no means to defend it from him." So Hanatah told him, "Come with me to him (Abrahah)." And so 'Abdul-Muttalib went with him. When Abrahah saw him, he was impressed by him, because 'Abdul-Muttalib was a large and handsome man. So Abrahah descended from his seat and sat with him on a carpet on the ground. Then he asked his translator to say to him, "What do you need?" 'Abdul-Muttalib replied to the translator, "I want the king to return my camels which he has taken from me which are two hundred in number." Abrahah then told his translator to tell him, "I was impressed by you when I first saw you, but now I withdraw from you after you have spoken to me. You are asking me about two hundred camels which I have taken from you and you leave the matter of a house which is (the foundation of) religion and the religion of your fathers, which I have come to destroy and you do not speak to me about it?" Abdul-Muttalib said to him, "Verily, I am the lord of the camels. As for the House, it has its Lord Who will defend it." Abrahah said, "I cannot be prevented (from destroying it)." 'Abdul-Muttalib answered, "Then do so." It is said that a number of the chiefs of the Arabs accompanied 'Abdul-Muttalib and offered Abrahah a third of the wealth of the tribe of Tihamah if he would withdraw from the House, but he refused and returned 'Abdul-Muttalib's camels to him. 'Abdul-Muttalib then returned to his people and ordered them to leave Makkah and seek shelter at the top of the mountains, fearful of the excesses which might be committed by the army against them. Then he took hold of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and along with a number of Quraysh, he called upon Allah to give them victory over Abrahah and his army. 'Abdul-Muttalib said, while hanging on to the ring of the Ka'bah's door, "There is no matter more important to any man right now than the defense of his livestock and property. So, O my Lord! Defend Your property. Their cross and their cunning will not be victorious over your cunning by the time morning comes." According to Ibn Ishaq, then 'Abdul-Muttalib let go of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and they left Makkah and ascended to the mountains tops. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that they left one hundred animals (camels) tied near the Ka'bah hoping that some of the army would take some of them without a right to do so, and thus bring about the vengeance of Allah upon themselves. When morning came, Abrahah prepared to enter the sacred city of Makkah. He prepared the elephant named Mahmud. He mobilized his army, and they turned the elephant towards the Ka'bah. At that moment Nufayl bin Habib approached it and stood next to it, and taking it by its ear, he said, "Kneel, Mahmud! Then turn around and return directly to whence you came. For verily, you are in the Sacred City of Allah." Then he released the elephant's ear and it knelt, after which Nufayl bin Habib left and hastened to the mountains. Abrahah's men beat the elephant in an attempt to make it rise, but it refused. They beat it on its head with axes and used hooked staffs to pull it out of its resistance and make it stand, but it refused. So they turned him towards Yemen, and he rose and walked quickly. Then they turned him towards Ash-Sham and he did likewise. Then they turned him towards the east and he did the same thing. Then they turned him towards Makkah and he knelt down again. Then Allah sent against them the birds from the sea, like swallows and herons. Each bird carried three stones the size of chickpeas and lentils, one in each claw and one in its beak. Everyone who was hit by them was destroyed, though not all of them were hit. They fled in panic along the road asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl that he might point out to them the way home. Nufayl, however, was at the top of the mountain with the Quraysh and the Arabs of the Hijaz observing the wrath which Allah had caused to descend on the people of the elephant. Nufayl then began to say, "Where will they flee when the One True God is the Pursuer? For Al-Ashram is defeated and not the victor. Ibn Ishaq reported that Nufayl said these lines of poetry at that time, "Didn't you live with continued support? We favored you all with a revolving eye in the morning (i.e., a guide along the way). If you saw, but you did not see it at the side of the rock covered mountain that which we saw. Then you will excuse me and praise my affair, and do not grieve over what is lost between us. I praised Allah when I saw the birds, and I feared that the stones might be thrown down upon us. So all the people are asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl, as if I have some debt that I owe the Abyssinians." Ata' bin Yasar and others have said that all of them were not struck by the torment at this hour of retribution. Rather some of them were destroyed immediately, while others were gradually broken down limb by limb while trying to escape. Abrahah was of those who was broken down limb by limb until he eventually died in the land of Khath'am. Ibn Ishaq said that they left (Makkah) being struck down and destroyed along every path and at every water spring. Abrahah's body was afflicted by the pestilence of the stones and his army carried him away with them as he was falling apart piece by piece, until they arrived back in San'a'. When they arrived there he was but like the baby chick of a bird. And he did not die until his heart fell out of his chest. So they claim. Ibn Ishaq said that when Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ with the prophethood, among the things that he used to recount to the Quraysh as blessings that Allah had favored them with of His bounties, was His defending them from the attack of the Abyssinians. Due to this they (the Quraysh) were allowed to remain (safely in Makkah) for a period of time. Thus, Allah said, أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? Did He not make their plot go astray? And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil). Striking them with stones of Sijjil. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh, their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer. So, let them worship the Lord of this House, Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.)(106:1-4) meaning, that Allah would not alter their situation because Allah wanted good for them if they accepted Him. Ibn Hisham said, "Al-Ababil are the groups, as the Arabs do not speak of just one (bird)." He also said, "As for As-Sijjil, Yunus An-Nahwi and Abu 'Ubaydah have informed me that according to the Arabs, it means something hard and solid." He then said, "Some of the commentators have mentioned that it is actually two Persian words that the Arabs have made into one word. The two words are Sanj and Jil, Sanj meaning stones, and Jil meaning clay. The rocks are of these two types: stone and clay." He continued saying, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of the crops that are not gathered. One of them is called 'Asfah." This is the end of what he mentioned. Hammad bin Salamah narrated from 'Asim, who related from Zirr, who related from 'Abdullah and Abu Salamah bin 'Abdur-Rahman that they said, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds Ababil.) "In groups." Ibn 'Abbas and Ad-Dahhak both said, "Ababil means some of them following after others." Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah both said, "Ababil means many." Mujahid said, "Ababil means in various, successive groups." Ibn Zayd said, "Ababil means different, coming from here and there. They came upon them from everywhere." Al-Kasa'i said, "I heard some of the grammarians saying, "The singular of Ababil is Ibil." Ibn Jarir recorded from Ishaq bin 'Abdullah bin Al-Harith bin Nawfal that he said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "This means in divisions just as camels march in divisions (in their herds)." It is reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "They had snouts like the beaks of birds and paws like the paws of dogs." It has been reported that 'Ikrimah said commenting on Allah's statement, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were green birds that came out of the sea and they had heads like the heads of predatory animals." It has been reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he commented: طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were black birds of the sea that had stones in their beaks and claws." And the chains of narration (for these statements) are all authentic. It is reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he said, "When Allah wanted to destroy the People of the Elephant, he sent birds upon them that came from sea swallows. Each of the birds was carrying three small stones – two stones with its feet and one stone in its beak. They came until they gathered in rows over their heads. Then they gave a loud cry and threw what was in their claws and beaks. Thus, no stone fell upon the head of any man except that it came out of his behind (i.e., it went through him), and it did not fall on any part of his body except that it came out from the opposite side. Then Allah sent a severe wind that struck the stones and increased them in force. Thus, they were all destroyed." Concerning Allah's statement, فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) Sa'id bin Jubayr said, "This means straw, which the common people call Habbur." In a report from Sa'id he said, "The leaves of wheat." He also said, "Al-'Asf is straw, and Al-Ma'kul refers to the fodder that is cut for animals." Al-Hasan Al-Basri said the same thing. Ibn 'Abbas said, "Al-'Asf is the shell of the grain, just like the covering of wheat." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of vegetation and produce. When the cattle eat it they defecate it out and it becomes dung." The meaning of this is that Allah destroyed them, annihilated them and repelled them in their plan and their anger. They did not achieve any good. He made a mass destruction of them, and not one of them returned (to their land) to relate what happened except that he was wounded. This is just like what happened to their king, Abrahah. For indeed he was split open, exposing his heart when he reached his land of San'a'. He informed the people of what happened to them and then he died. His son Yaksum became the king after him, and then Yaksum's brother, Masruq bin Abrahah succeeded him. Then Sayf bin Dhi Yazan Al-Himyari went to Kisra (the king of Persia) and sought his help against the Abyssinians. Therefore, Kisra dispatched some of his army with Sayf Al-Himyari to fight with him against the Abyssinians. Thus, Allah returned their kingdom to them (i.e., the Arabs of Yemen) along with all the sovereignty their fathers possessed. Then large delegations of Arabs came to him (Sayf Al-Himyari) to congratulate him for their victory. We have mentioned previously in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fath that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached the mountain pass that would lead him to the Quraysh on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah, his she-camel knelt down. Then the people attempted to make her get up but she refused. So, the people said, "Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn." The Prophet ﷺ replied, مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ، وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ، وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ (Al-Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for that is not part of her character. Rather, she has been stopped by He Who restrained the Elephant (of Abrahah).) Then he said, وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونِّي الْيَوْمَ خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ إِلَّا أَجَبْتُهُمْ إِلَيْهَا (I swear by He in Whose Hand is my soul, they (the Quraysh) will not ask me for any matter (of the treaty) in which the sacred things of Allah are honored except that I will agree with them on it.) Then he beckoned the she-camel to rise and she stood up. This Hadith is of those that Al-Bukhari was alone in recording. It has been recorded in the Two Sahihs that on the Day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, إِنَّ اللهَ حَبَسَ عَنْ مَكَّةَ الْفِيلَ، وَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ، أَلَا فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ (Verily, Allah restrained the Elephant from Makkah, and He has given His Messenger and the believers authority over it. And indeed its sacredness has returned just as it was sacred yesterday. So, let those who are present inform those who are absent.) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fil, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (1. Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant?)(2. Did He not make their plot go astray?)(3. And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil).)(4. Striking them with stones of Sijjil.)(5. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) This is one of the favors Allah did for the Quraysh. He saved them from the People of the Elephant who had tried to tear down the Ka'bah and wipe out all traces of its existence. Allah destroyed them, defeated them, thwarted their plans, made their efforts in vain and sent them back routed. They were people who were Christians, and thus, their religion was closer to the True Religion (Islam) than the idolatry of the Quraysh. However, this was a means of giving a sign and preparing the way for the coming of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. For verily, he was born during that same year according to the most popular opinion. So the tongue of destiny was saying, "We will not help you, O people of Quraysh, because of any status you may have over the Ethiopians (Abyssinians). We are only helping you in order to defend the Ancient House (the Ka'bah), which We will honor, magnify, and venerate by sending the unlettered Prophet, Muhammad ﷺ, the Finality of all Prophets." A Summary of the Story of the People of the Elephant This is the story of the people of the Elephant, in brief, and summarized. It has already been mentioned in the story of the People of the Ditch that Dhu Nuas, the last king of Himyar, a polytheist – was the one who ordered killing the People of the Ditch. They were Christians and their number was approximately twenty thousand. None of them except a man named Daws Dhu Tha'laban escaped. He fled to Ash-Sham where he sought protection from Caesar, the emperor of Ash-Sham, who was also a Christian. Caesar wrote to An-Najashi, the king of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), who was closer to the home of the man. An-Najashi sent two governors with him: Aryat and Abrahah bin As-Sabah Abu Yaksum, along with a great army. The army entered Yemen and began searching the houses and looting in search of the king of Himyar (Dhu Nuwas). Dhu Nuwas was eventually killed by drowning in the sea. Thus, the Ethiopians were free to rule Yemen, with Aryat and Abrahah as its governors. However, they continually disagreed about matters, attacked each other, fought each other and warred against each other, until one of them said to the other, "There is no need for our two armies to fight. Instead let us fight each other (in a duel) and the one who kills the other will be the ruler of Yemen." So the other accepted the challenge and they held a duel. Behind each man was a channel of water (to keep either from fleeing). Aryat gained the upper hand and struck Abrahah with his sword, splitting his nose and mouth, and slashing his face. But 'Atawdah, Abrahah's guard, attacked Aryat and killed him. Thus, Abrahah returned wounded to Yemen where he was treated for his injuries and recovered. He thus became the commander of the Abyssinian army in Yemen. Then the king of Abyssinia, An-Najashi wrote to him, blaming him for what had happened (between him and Aryat) and threatened him, saying that he swore to tread on the soil of Yemen and cut off his forelock. Therefore, Abrahah sent a messenger with gifts and precious objects to An-Najashi to appease him and flatter him, and a sack containing soil from Yemen and a piece of hair cut from his forelock. He said in his letter to the king, "Let the king walk upon this soil and thus fulfill his oath, and this is my forelock hair that I send to you." When An-Najashi received this, he was pleased with Abrahah and gave him his approval. Then Abrahah wrote to An-Najashi saying that he would build a church for him in Yemen the like of which had never been built before. Thus, he began to build a huge church in San'a', tall and beautifully crafted and decorated on all sides. The Arabs called it Al-Qullays because of its great height, and because if one looked at it, his cap would be in danger of falling off as he tilted his head back. Then Abrahah Al-Ashram decided to force the Arabs to make their pilgrimage to this magnificent church, just as they had performed pilgrimage to the Ka'bah in Makkah. He announced this in his kingdom (Yemen), but it was rejected by the Arab tribes of 'Adnan and Qahtan. The Quraysh were infuriated by it, so much so that one of them journeyed to the church and entered it one night. He then relieved himself in the church and ran away (escaping the people). When its custodians saw what he had done, they reported it to their king, Abrahah, saying; "One of the Quraysh has done this in anger over their House in whose place you have appointed this church." Upon hearing this, Abrahah swore to march to the House of Makkah (the Ka'bah) and destroy it stone by stone. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that a group of young men from the Quraysh entered the church and started a fire in it on an extremely windy day. So the church caught on fire and collapsed to the ground. Due to this Abrahah prepared himself and set out with a huge and powerful army so that none might prevent him from carrying out his mission. He took along a great, powerful elephant that had a huge body the like of which had never been seen before. This elephant was called Mahmud and it was sent to Abrahah from An-Najashi, the king of Abyssinia, particularly for this expedition. It has also been said that he had eight other elephants with him; their number was also reported to be twelve, plus the large one, Mahmud – and Allah knows best. Their intention was to use this big elephant to demolish the Ka'bah. They planned to do this by fastening chains to the pillars of the Ka'bah and placing the other ends around the neck of the elephant. Then they would make the elephant pull on them in order to tear down the walls of the Ka'bah all at one time. When the Arabs heard of Abrahah's expedition, they considered it an extremely grave matter. They held it to be an obligation upon them to defend the Sacred House and repel whoever intended a plot against it. Thus, the noblest man of the people of Yemen and the greatest of their chiefs set out to face him (Abrahah). His name was Dhu Nafr. He called his people, and whoever would respond to his call among the Arabs, to go to war against Abrahah and fight in defense of the Sacred House. He called the people to stop Abrahah's plan to demolish and tear down the Ka'bah. So the people responded to him and they entered into battle with Abrahah, but he defeated them. This was due to Allah's will and His intent to honor and venerate the Ka'bah. Dhu Nafr was captured and taken along with the army of Abrahah. The army continued on its way until it came to the land of Khath'am where it was confronted by Nufayl bin Habib Al-Kath'ami along with his people, the Shahran and Nahis tribes. They fought Abrahah but he defeated them and captured Nufayl bin Habib. Initially he wanted to kill him, but he forgave him and took him as his guide to show him the way to Al-Hijaz. When they approached the area of At-Ta'if, its people – the people of Thaqif – went out to Abrahah. They wanted to appease him because they were fearful for their place of worship, which they called Al-Lat. Abrahah was kind to them and they sent a man named Abu Righal with him as a guide. When they reached a place known as Al-Mughammas, which is near Makkah, they settled there. Then he sent his troops on a foray to capture the camels and other grazing animals of the Makkans, which they did, including about two hundred camels belonging to 'Abdul-Muttalib. The leader of this particular expedition was a man named Al-Aswad bin Mafsud. According to what Ibn Ishaq mentioned, some of the Arabs used to satirize him (because of the part he played in this historical incident). Then Abrahah sent an emissary named Hanatah Al-Himyari to enter Makkah, commanding him to bring the head of the Quraysh to him. He also commanded him to inform him that the king will not fight the people of Makkah unless they try to prevent him from the destruction of the Ka'bah. Hanatah went to the city and he was directed to 'Abdul-Muttalib bin Hashim, to whom he relayed Abrahah's message. Abdul-Muttalib replied, "By Allah! We have no wish to fight him, nor are we in any position to do so. This is the Sacred House of Allah, and the house of His Khalil, Ibrahim, and if He wishes to prevent him (Abrahah) from (destroying) it, it is His House and His Sacred Place (to do so). And if He lets him approach it, by Allah, We have no means to defend it from him." So Hanatah told him, "Come with me to him (Abrahah)." And so 'Abdul-Muttalib went with him. When Abrahah saw him, he was impressed by him, because 'Abdul-Muttalib was a large and handsome man. So Abrahah descended from his seat and sat with him on a carpet on the ground. Then he asked his translator to say to him, "What do you need?" 'Abdul-Muttalib replied to the translator, "I want the king to return my camels which he has taken from me which are two hundred in number." Abrahah then told his translator to tell him, "I was impressed by you when I first saw you, but now I withdraw from you after you have spoken to me. You are asking me about two hundred camels which I have taken from you and you leave the matter of a house which is (the foundation of) religion and the religion of your fathers, which I have come to destroy and you do not speak to me about it?" Abdul-Muttalib said to him, "Verily, I am the lord of the camels. As for the House, it has its Lord Who will defend it." Abrahah said, "I cannot be prevented (from destroying it)." 'Abdul-Muttalib answered, "Then do so." It is said that a number of the chiefs of the Arabs accompanied 'Abdul-Muttalib and offered Abrahah a third of the wealth of the tribe of Tihamah if he would withdraw from the House, but he refused and returned 'Abdul-Muttalib's camels to him. 'Abdul-Muttalib then returned to his people and ordered them to leave Makkah and seek shelter at the top of the mountains, fearful of the excesses which might be committed by the army against them. Then he took hold of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and along with a number of Quraysh, he called upon Allah to give them victory over Abrahah and his army. 'Abdul-Muttalib said, while hanging on to the ring of the Ka'bah's door, "There is no matter more important to any man right now than the defense of his livestock and property. So, O my Lord! Defend Your property. Their cross and their cunning will not be victorious over your cunning by the time morning comes." According to Ibn Ishaq, then 'Abdul-Muttalib let go of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and they left Makkah and ascended to the mountains tops. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that they left one hundred animals (camels) tied near the Ka'bah hoping that some of the army would take some of them without a right to do so, and thus bring about the vengeance of Allah upon themselves. When morning came, Abrahah prepared to enter the sacred city of Makkah. He prepared the elephant named Mahmud. He mobilized his army, and they turned the elephant towards the Ka'bah. At that moment Nufayl bin Habib approached it and stood next to it, and taking it by its ear, he said, "Kneel, Mahmud! Then turn around and return directly to whence you came. For verily, you are in the Sacred City of Allah." Then he released the elephant's ear and it knelt, after which Nufayl bin Habib left and hastened to the mountains. Abrahah's men beat the elephant in an attempt to make it rise, but it refused. They beat it on its head with axes and used hooked staffs to pull it out of its resistance and make it stand, but it refused. So they turned him towards Yemen, and he rose and walked quickly. Then they turned him towards Ash-Sham and he did likewise. Then they turned him towards the east and he did the same thing. Then they turned him towards Makkah and he knelt down again. Then Allah sent against them the birds from the sea, like swallows and herons. Each bird carried three stones the size of chickpeas and lentils, one in each claw and one in its beak. Everyone who was hit by them was destroyed, though not all of them were hit. They fled in panic along the road asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl that he might point out to them the way home. Nufayl, however, was at the top of the mountain with the Quraysh and the Arabs of the Hijaz observing the wrath which Allah had caused to descend on the people of the elephant. Nufayl then began to say, "Where will they flee when the One True God is the Pursuer? For Al-Ashram is defeated and not the victor. Ibn Ishaq reported that Nufayl said these lines of poetry at that time, "Didn't you live with continued support? We favored you all with a revolving eye in the morning (i.e., a guide along the way). If you saw, but you did not see it at the side of the rock covered mountain that which we saw. Then you will excuse me and praise my affair, and do not grieve over what is lost between us. I praised Allah when I saw the birds, and I feared that the stones might be thrown down upon us. So all the people are asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl, as if I have some debt that I owe the Abyssinians." Ata' bin Yasar and others have said that all of them were not struck by the torment at this hour of retribution. Rather some of them were destroyed immediately, while others were gradually broken down limb by limb while trying to escape. Abrahah was of those who was broken down limb by limb until he eventually died in the land of Khath'am. Ibn Ishaq said that they left (Makkah) being struck down and destroyed along every path and at every water spring. Abrahah's body was afflicted by the pestilence of the stones and his army carried him away with them as he was falling apart piece by piece, until they arrived back in San'a'. When they arrived there he was but like the baby chick of a bird. And he did not die until his heart fell out of his chest. So they claim. Ibn Ishaq said that when Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ with the prophethood, among the things that he used to recount to the Quraysh as blessings that Allah had favored them with of His bounties, was His defending them from the attack of the Abyssinians. Due to this they (the Quraysh) were allowed to remain (safely in Makkah) for a period of time. Thus, Allah said, أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? Did He not make their plot go astray? And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil). Striking them with stones of Sijjil. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh, their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer. So, let them worship the Lord of this House, Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.)(106:1-4) meaning, that Allah would not alter their situation because Allah wanted good for them if they accepted Him. Ibn Hisham said, "Al-Ababil are the groups, as the Arabs do not speak of just one (bird)." He also said, "As for As-Sijjil, Yunus An-Nahwi and Abu 'Ubaydah have informed me that according to the Arabs, it means something hard and solid." He then said, "Some of the commentators have mentioned that it is actually two Persian words that the Arabs have made into one word. The two words are Sanj and Jil, Sanj meaning stones, and Jil meaning clay. The rocks are of these two types: stone and clay." He continued saying, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of the crops that are not gathered. One of them is called 'Asfah." This is the end of what he mentioned. Hammad bin Salamah narrated from 'Asim, who related from Zirr, who related from 'Abdullah and Abu Salamah bin 'Abdur-Rahman that they said, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds Ababil.) "In groups." Ibn 'Abbas and Ad-Dahhak both said, "Ababil means some of them following after others." Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah both said, "Ababil means many." Mujahid said, "Ababil means in various, successive groups." Ibn Zayd said, "Ababil means different, coming from here and there. They came upon them from everywhere." Al-Kasa'i said, "I heard some of the grammarians saying, "The singular of Ababil is Ibil." Ibn Jarir recorded from Ishaq bin 'Abdullah bin Al-Harith bin Nawfal that he said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "This means in divisions just as camels march in divisions (in their herds)." It is reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "They had snouts like the beaks of birds and paws like the paws of dogs." It has been reported that 'Ikrimah said commenting on Allah's statement, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were green birds that came out of the sea and they had heads like the heads of predatory animals." It has been reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he commented: طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were black birds of the sea that had stones in their beaks and claws." And the chains of narration (for these statements) are all authentic. It is reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he said, "When Allah wanted to destroy the People of the Elephant, he sent birds upon them that came from sea swallows. Each of the birds was carrying three small stones – two stones with its feet and one stone in its beak. They came until they gathered in rows over their heads. Then they gave a loud cry and threw what was in their claws and beaks. Thus, no stone fell upon the head of any man except that it came out of his behind (i.e., it went through him), and it did not fall on any part of his body except that it came out from the opposite side. Then Allah sent a severe wind that struck the stones and increased them in force. Thus, they were all destroyed." Concerning Allah's statement, فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) Sa'id bin Jubayr said, "This means straw, which the common people call Habbur." In a report from Sa'id he said, "The leaves of wheat." He also said, "Al-'Asf is straw, and Al-Ma'kul refers to the fodder that is cut for animals." Al-Hasan Al-Basri said the same thing. Ibn 'Abbas said, "Al-'Asf is the shell of the grain, just like the covering of wheat." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of vegetation and produce. When the cattle eat it they defecate it out and it becomes dung." The meaning of this is that Allah destroyed them, annihilated them and repelled them in their plan and their anger. They did not achieve any good. He made a mass destruction of them, and not one of them returned (to their land) to relate what happened except that he was wounded. This is just like what happened to their king, Abrahah. For indeed he was split open, exposing his heart when he reached his land of San'a'. He informed the people of what happened to them and then he died. His son Yaksum became the king after him, and then Yaksum's brother, Masruq bin Abrahah succeeded him. Then Sayf bin Dhi Yazan Al-Himyari went to Kisra (the king of Persia) and sought his help against the Abyssinians. Therefore, Kisra dispatched some of his army with Sayf Al-Himyari to fight with him against the Abyssinians. Thus, Allah returned their kingdom to them (i.e., the Arabs of Yemen) along with all the sovereignty their fathers possessed. Then large delegations of Arabs came to him (Sayf Al-Himyari) to congratulate him for their victory. We have mentioned previously in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fath that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached the mountain pass that would lead him to the Quraysh on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah, his she-camel knelt down. Then the people attempted to make her get up but she refused. So, the people said, "Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn." The Prophet ﷺ replied, مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ، وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ، وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ (Al-Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for that is not part of her character. Rather, she has been stopped by He Who restrained the Elephant (of Abrahah).) Then he said, وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونِّي الْيَوْمَ خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ إِلَّا أَجَبْتُهُمْ إِلَيْهَا (I swear by He in Whose Hand is my soul, they (the Quraysh) will not ask me for any matter (of the treaty) in which the sacred things of Allah are honored except that I will agree with them on it.) Then he beckoned the she-camel to rise and she stood up. This Hadith is of those that Al-Bukhari was alone in recording. It has been recorded in the Two Sahihs that on the Day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, إِنَّ اللهَ حَبَسَ عَنْ مَكَّةَ الْفِيلَ، وَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ، أَلَا فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ (Verily, Allah restrained the Elephant from Makkah, and He has given His Messenger and the believers authority over it. And indeed its sacredness has returned just as it was sacred yesterday. So, let those who are present inform those who are absent.) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fil, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (1. Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant?)(2. Did He not make their plot go astray?)(3. And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil).)(4. Striking them with stones of Sijjil.)(5. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) This is one of the favors Allah did for the Quraysh. He saved them from the People of the Elephant who had tried to tear down the Ka'bah and wipe out all traces of its existence. Allah destroyed them, defeated them, thwarted their plans, made their efforts in vain and sent them back routed. They were people who were Christians, and thus, their religion was closer to the True Religion (Islam) than the idolatry of the Quraysh. However, this was a means of giving a sign and preparing the way for the coming of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. For verily, he was born during that same year according to the most popular opinion. So the tongue of destiny was saying, "We will not help you, O people of Quraysh, because of any status you may have over the Ethiopians (Abyssinians). We are only helping you in order to defend the Ancient House (the Ka'bah), which We will honor, magnify, and venerate by sending the unlettered Prophet, Muhammad ﷺ, the Finality of all Prophets." A Summary of the Story of the People of the Elephant This is the story of the people of the Elephant, in brief, and summarized. It has already been mentioned in the story of the People of the Ditch that Dhu Nuas, the last king of Himyar, a polytheist – was the one who ordered killing the People of the Ditch. They were Christians and their number was approximately twenty thousand. None of them except a man named Daws Dhu Tha'laban escaped. He fled to Ash-Sham where he sought protection from Caesar, the emperor of Ash-Sham, who was also a Christian. Caesar wrote to An-Najashi, the king of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), who was closer to the home of the man. An-Najashi sent two governors with him: Aryat and Abrahah bin As-Sabah Abu Yaksum, along with a great army. The army entered Yemen and began searching the houses and looting in search of the king of Himyar (Dhu Nuwas). Dhu Nuwas was eventually killed by drowning in the sea. Thus, the Ethiopians were free to rule Yemen, with Aryat and Abrahah as its governors. However, they continually disagreed about matters, attacked each other, fought each other and warred against each other, until one of them said to the other, "There is no need for our two armies to fight. Instead let us fight each other (in a duel) and the one who kills the other will be the ruler of Yemen." So the other accepted the challenge and they held a duel. Behind each man was a channel of water (to keep either from fleeing). Aryat gained the upper hand and struck Abrahah with his sword, splitting his nose and mouth, and slashing his face. But 'Atawdah, Abrahah's guard, attacked Aryat and killed him. Thus, Abrahah returned wounded to Yemen where he was treated for his injuries and recovered. He thus became the commander of the Abyssinian army in Yemen. Then the king of Abyssinia, An-Najashi wrote to him, blaming him for what had happened (between him and Aryat) and threatened him, saying that he swore to tread on the soil of Yemen and cut off his forelock. Therefore, Abrahah sent a messenger with gifts and precious objects to An-Najashi to appease him and flatter him, and a sack containing soil from Yemen and a piece of hair cut from his forelock. He said in his letter to the king, "Let the king walk upon this soil and thus fulfill his oath, and this is my forelock hair that I send to you." When An-Najashi received this, he was pleased with Abrahah and gave him his approval. Then Abrahah wrote to An-Najashi saying that he would build a church for him in Yemen the like of which had never been built before. Thus, he began to build a huge church in San'a', tall and beautifully crafted and decorated on all sides. The Arabs called it Al-Qullays because of its great height, and because if one looked at it, his cap would be in danger of falling off as he tilted his head back. Then Abrahah Al-Ashram decided to force the Arabs to make their pilgrimage to this magnificent church, just as they had performed pilgrimage to the Ka'bah in Makkah. He announced this in his kingdom (Yemen), but it was rejected by the Arab tribes of 'Adnan and Qahtan. The Quraysh were infuriated by it, so much so that one of them journeyed to the church and entered it one night. He then relieved himself in the church and ran away (escaping the people). When its custodians saw what he had done, they reported it to their king, Abrahah, saying; "One of the Quraysh has done this in anger over their House in whose place you have appointed this church." Upon hearing this, Abrahah swore to march to the House of Makkah (the Ka'bah) and destroy it stone by stone. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that a group of young men from the Quraysh entered the church and started a fire in it on an extremely windy day. So the church caught on fire and collapsed to the ground. Due to this Abrahah prepared himself and set out with a huge and powerful army so that none might prevent him from carrying out his mission. He took along a great, powerful elephant that had a huge body the like of which had never been seen before. This elephant was called Mahmud and it was sent to Abrahah from An-Najashi, the king of Abyssinia, particularly for this expedition. It has also been said that he had eight other elephants with him; their number was also reported to be twelve, plus the large one, Mahmud – and Allah knows best. Their intention was to use this big elephant to demolish the Ka'bah. They planned to do this by fastening chains to the pillars of the Ka'bah and placing the other ends around the neck of the elephant. Then they would make the elephant pull on them in order to tear down the walls of the Ka'bah all at one time. When the Arabs heard of Abrahah's expedition, they considered it an extremely grave matter. They held it to be an obligation upon them to defend the Sacred House and repel whoever intended a plot against it. Thus, the noblest man of the people of Yemen and the greatest of their chiefs set out to face him (Abrahah). His name was Dhu Nafr. He called his people, and whoever would respond to his call among the Arabs, to go to war against Abrahah and fight in defense of the Sacred House. He called the people to stop Abrahah's plan to demolish and tear down the Ka'bah. So the people responded to him and they entered into battle with Abrahah, but he defeated them. This was due to Allah's will and His intent to honor and venerate the Ka'bah. Dhu Nafr was captured and taken along with the army of Abrahah. The army continued on its way until it came to the land of Khath'am where it was confronted by Nufayl bin Habib Al-Kath'ami along with his people, the Shahran and Nahis tribes. They fought Abrahah but he defeated them and captured Nufayl bin Habib. Initially he wanted to kill him, but he forgave him and took him as his guide to show him the way to Al-Hijaz. When they approached the area of At-Ta'if, its people – the people of Thaqif – went out to Abrahah. They wanted to appease him because they were fearful for their place of worship, which they called Al-Lat. Abrahah was kind to them and they sent a man named Abu Righal with him as a guide. When they reached a place known as Al-Mughammas, which is near Makkah, they settled there. Then he sent his troops on a foray to capture the camels and other grazing animals of the Makkans, which they did, including about two hundred camels belonging to 'Abdul-Muttalib. The leader of this particular expedition was a man named Al-Aswad bin Mafsud. According to what Ibn Ishaq mentioned, some of the Arabs used to satirize him (because of the part he played in this historical incident). Then Abrahah sent an emissary named Hanatah Al-Himyari to enter Makkah, commanding him to bring the head of the Quraysh to him. He also commanded him to inform him that the king will not fight the people of Makkah unless they try to prevent him from the destruction of the Ka'bah. Hanatah went to the city and he was directed to 'Abdul-Muttalib bin Hashim, to whom he relayed Abrahah's message. Abdul-Muttalib replied, "By Allah! We have no wish to fight him, nor are we in any position to do so. This is the Sacred House of Allah, and the house of His Khalil, Ibrahim, and if He wishes to prevent him (Abrahah) from (destroying) it, it is His House and His Sacred Place (to do so). And if He lets him approach it, by Allah, We have no means to defend it from him." So Hanatah told him, "Come with me to him (Abrahah)." And so 'Abdul-Muttalib went with him. When Abrahah saw him, he was impressed by him, because 'Abdul-Muttalib was a large and handsome man. So Abrahah descended from his seat and sat with him on a carpet on the ground. Then he asked his translator to say to him, "What do you need?" 'Abdul-Muttalib replied to the translator, "I want the king to return my camels which he has taken from me which are two hundred in number." Abrahah then told his translator to tell him, "I was impressed by you when I first saw you, but now I withdraw from you after you have spoken to me. You are asking me about two hundred camels which I have taken from you and you leave the matter of a house which is (the foundation of) religion and the religion of your fathers, which I have come to destroy and you do not speak to me about it?" Abdul-Muttalib said to him, "Verily, I am the lord of the camels. As for the House, it has its Lord Who will defend it." Abrahah said, "I cannot be prevented (from destroying it)." 'Abdul-Muttalib answered, "Then do so." It is said that a number of the chiefs of the Arabs accompanied 'Abdul-Muttalib and offered Abrahah a third of the wealth of the tribe of Tihamah if he would withdraw from the House, but he refused and returned 'Abdul-Muttalib's camels to him. 'Abdul-Muttalib then returned to his people and ordered them to leave Makkah and seek shelter at the top of the mountains, fearful of the excesses which might be committed by the army against them. Then he took hold of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and along with a number of Quraysh, he called upon Allah to give them victory over Abrahah and his army. 'Abdul-Muttalib said, while hanging on to the ring of the Ka'bah's door, "There is no matter more important to any man right now than the defense of his livestock and property. So, O my Lord! Defend Your property. Their cross and their cunning will not be victorious over your cunning by the time morning comes." According to Ibn Ishaq, then 'Abdul-Muttalib let go of the metal ring of the door of the Ka'bah, and they left Makkah and ascended to the mountains tops. Muqatil bin Sulayman mentioned that they left one hundred animals (camels) tied near the Ka'bah hoping that some of the army would take some of them without a right to do so, and thus bring about the vengeance of Allah upon themselves. When morning came, Abrahah prepared to enter the sacred city of Makkah. He prepared the elephant named Mahmud. He mobilized his army, and they turned the elephant towards the Ka'bah. At that moment Nufayl bin Habib approached it and stood next to it, and taking it by its ear, he said, "Kneel, Mahmud! Then turn around and return directly to whence you came. For verily, you are in the Sacred City of Allah." Then he released the elephant's ear and it knelt, after which Nufayl bin Habib left and hastened to the mountains. Abrahah's men beat the elephant in an attempt to make it rise, but it refused. They beat it on its head with axes and used hooked staffs to pull it out of its resistance and make it stand, but it refused. So they turned him towards Yemen, and he rose and walked quickly. Then they turned him towards Ash-Sham and he did likewise. Then they turned him towards the east and he did the same thing. Then they turned him towards Makkah and he knelt down again. Then Allah sent against them the birds from the sea, like swallows and herons. Each bird carried three stones the size of chickpeas and lentils, one in each claw and one in its beak. Everyone who was hit by them was destroyed, though not all of them were hit. They fled in panic along the road asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl that he might point out to them the way home. Nufayl, however, was at the top of the mountain with the Quraysh and the Arabs of the Hijaz observing the wrath which Allah had caused to descend on the people of the elephant. Nufayl then began to say, "Where will they flee when the One True God is the Pursuer? For Al-Ashram is defeated and not the victor. Ibn Ishaq reported that Nufayl said these lines of poetry at that time, "Didn't you live with continued support? We favored you all with a revolving eye in the morning (i.e., a guide along the way). If you saw, but you did not see it at the side of the rock covered mountain that which we saw. Then you will excuse me and praise my affair, and do not grieve over what is lost between us. I praised Allah when I saw the birds, and I feared that the stones might be thrown down upon us. So all the people are asking about the whereabouts of Nufayl, as if I have some debt that I owe the Abyssinians." Ata' bin Yasar and others have said that all of them were not struck by the torment at this hour of retribution. Rather some of them were destroyed immediately, while others were gradually broken down limb by limb while trying to escape. Abrahah was of those who was broken down limb by limb until he eventually died in the land of Khath'am. Ibn Ishaq said that they left (Makkah) being struck down and destroyed along every path and at every water spring. Abrahah's body was afflicted by the pestilence of the stones and his army carried him away with them as he was falling apart piece by piece, until they arrived back in San'a'. When they arrived there he was but like the baby chick of a bird. And he did not die until his heart fell out of his chest. So they claim. Ibn Ishaq said that when Allah sent Muhammad ﷺ with the prophethood, among the things that he used to recount to the Quraysh as blessings that Allah had favored them with of His bounties, was His defending them from the attack of the Abyssinians. Due to this they (the Quraysh) were allowed to remain (safely in Makkah) for a period of time. Thus, Allah said, أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ - أَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ كَيْدَهُمْ فِي تَضْلِيلٍ - وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ - تَرْمِيهِم بِحِجَارَةٍ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ - فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (Have you not seen how your Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? Did He not make their plot go astray? And He sent against them birds, in flocks (Ababil). Striking them with stones of Sijjil. And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh, their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer. So, let them worship the Lord of this House, Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.)(106:1-4) meaning, that Allah would not alter their situation because Allah wanted good for them if they accepted Him. Ibn Hisham said, "Al-Ababil are the groups, as the Arabs do not speak of just one (bird)." He also said, "As for As-Sijjil, Yunus An-Nahwi and Abu 'Ubaydah have informed me that according to the Arabs, it means something hard and solid." He then said, "Some of the commentators have mentioned that it is actually two Persian words that the Arabs have made into one word. The two words are Sanj and Jil, Sanj meaning stones, and Jil meaning clay. The rocks are of these two types: stone and clay." He continued saying, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of the crops that are not gathered. One of them is called 'Asfah." This is the end of what he mentioned. Hammad bin Salamah narrated from 'Asim, who related from Zirr, who related from 'Abdullah and Abu Salamah bin 'Abdur-Rahman that they said, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds Ababil.) "In groups." Ibn 'Abbas and Ad-Dahhak both said, "Ababil means some of them following after others." Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah both said, "Ababil means many." Mujahid said, "Ababil means in various, successive groups." Ibn Zayd said, "Ababil means different, coming from here and there. They came upon them from everywhere." Al-Kasa'i said, "I heard some of the grammarians saying, "The singular of Ababil is Ibil." Ibn Jarir recorded from Ishaq bin 'Abdullah bin Al-Harith bin Nawfal that he said concerning Allah's statement, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "This means in divisions just as camels march in divisions (in their herds)." It is reported that Ibn 'Abbas said, وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (And He sent against them birds, Ababil.) "They had snouts like the beaks of birds and paws like the paws of dogs." It has been reported that 'Ikrimah said commenting on Allah's statement, طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were green birds that came out of the sea and they had heads like the heads of predatory animals." It has been reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he commented: طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ (birds, Ababil.) "They were black birds of the sea that had stones in their beaks and claws." And the chains of narration (for these statements) are all authentic. It is reported from 'Ubayd bin 'Umayr that he said, "When Allah wanted to destroy the People of the Elephant, he sent birds upon them that came from sea swallows. Each of the birds was carrying three small stones – two stones with its feet and one stone in its beak. They came until they gathered in rows over their heads. Then they gave a loud cry and threw what was in their claws and beaks. Thus, no stone fell upon the head of any man except that it came out of his behind (i.e., it went through him), and it did not fall on any part of his body except that it came out from the opposite side. Then Allah sent a severe wind that struck the stones and increased them in force. Thus, they were all destroyed." Concerning Allah's statement, فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ (And He made them like 'Asf, Ma'kul.) Sa'id bin Jubayr said, "This means straw, which the common people call Habbur." In a report from Sa'id he said, "The leaves of wheat." He also said, "Al-'Asf is straw, and Al-Ma'kul refers to the fodder that is cut for animals." Al-Hasan Al-Basri said the same thing. Ibn 'Abbas said, "Al-'Asf is the shell of the grain, just like the covering of wheat." Ibn Zayd said, "Al-'Asf are the leaves of vegetation and produce. When the cattle eat it they defecate it out and it becomes dung." The meaning of this is that Allah destroyed them, annihilated them and repelled them in their plan and their anger. They did not achieve any good. He made a mass destruction of them, and not one of them returned (to their land) to relate what happened except that he was wounded. This is just like what happened to their king, Abrahah. For indeed he was split open, exposing his heart when he reached his land of San'a'. He informed the people of what happened to them and then he died. His son Yaksum became the king after him, and then Yaksum's brother, Masruq bin Abrahah succeeded him. Then Sayf bin Dhi Yazan Al-Himyari went to Kisra (the king of Persia) and sought his help against the Abyssinians. Therefore, Kisra dispatched some of his army with Sayf Al-Himyari to fight with him against the Abyssinians. Thus, Allah returned their kingdom to them (i.e., the Arabs of Yemen) along with all the sovereignty their fathers possessed. Then large delegations of Arabs came to him (Sayf Al-Himyari) to congratulate him for their victory. We have mentioned previously in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fath that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached the mountain pass that would lead him to the Quraysh on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah, his she-camel knelt down. Then the people attempted to make her get up but she refused. So, the people said, "Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn." The Prophet ﷺ replied, مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ، وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ، وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ (Al-Qaswa' has not become stubborn, for that is not part of her character. Rather, she has been stopped by He Who restrained the Elephant (of Abrahah).) Then he said, وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونِّي الْيَوْمَ خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللهِ إِلَّا أَجَبْتُهُمْ إِلَيْهَا (I swear by He in Whose Hand is my soul, they (the Quraysh) will not ask me for any matter (of the treaty) in which the sacred things of Allah are honored except that I will agree with them on it.) Then he beckoned the she-camel to rise and she stood up. This Hadith is of those that Al-Bukhari was alone in recording. It has been recorded in the Two Sahihs that on the Day of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, إِنَّ اللهَ حَبَسَ عَنْ مَكَّةَ الْفِيلَ، وَسَلَّطَ عَلَيْهَا رَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ، أَلَا فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ (Verily, Allah restrained the Elephant from Makkah, and He has given His Messenger and the believers authority over it. And indeed its sacredness has returned just as it was sacred yesterday. So, let those who are present inform those who are absent.) This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Fil, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (1. For the Ilaf of the Quraysh.)(2. Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.)(3. So, let them worship the Lord of this House.)(4. Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.) This Surah has been separated from the one that preceded it in the primary Mushaf (the original copy of 'Uthman). They (the Companions) wrote "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" on the line (i.e., the space) between these two Surahs. They did this even though this Surah is directly related to the one which precedes it, as Muhammad bin Ishaq and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam have both clarified. This is because the meaning of both of them is, "We have prevented the Elephant from entering Makkah and We have destroyed its people in order to gather (Ilaf) the Quraysh, which means to unite them and bring them together safely in their city." It has also been said that the meaning of this (Ilaf) is what they would gather during their journey in the winter to Yemen and in the summer to Ash-Sham through trade and other than that. Then they would return to their city in safety during their journeys due to the respect that the people had for them because they were the residents of Allah's sanctuary. Therefore, whoever knew them would honor them. Even those who came to them and traveled with them, would be safe because of them. This was their situation during their journeys and travels during their winter and summer. In reference to their living in the city, then it is as Allah said, أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا جَعَلْنَا حَرَمًا آمِنًا وَيُتَخَطَّفُ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ (Have they not seen that We have made it a secure sanctuary, while men are being snatched away from all around them?)(29:67) Thus, Allah says, لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh. Their Ilaf) This is a subject that has been transferred from the first sentence in order to give it more explanation. Thus, Allah says, إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ (Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.) Ibn Jarir said, "The correct opinion is that the letter Lam is a prefix that shows amazement. It is as though He (Allah) is saying, 'You should be amazed at the uniting (or taming) of the Quraysh and My favor upon them in that.'" He went on to say, "This is due to the consensus of the Muslims that they are two separate and independent Surahs." Then Allah directs them to be grateful for this magnificent favor in His saying, فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ (So, let them worship the Lord of this House.) meaning, then let them single Him out for worship, just as He has given them a safe sanctuary and a Sacred House. This is as Allah says, إِنَّمَا أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ رَبَّ هَٰذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ الَّذِي حَرَّمَهَا وَلَهُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ (I have been commanded only to worship the Lord of this city, Who has sanctified it and to Whom belongs everything. And I am commanded to be from among the Muslims.)(27:91) Then Allah says, الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ (Who has fed them against hunger,) meaning, He is the Lord of the House and He is the One Who feeds them against hunger. وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (And has made them safe from fear.) meaning, He favors them with safety and gentleness, so they should single Him out for worship alone, without any partner. They should not worship any idol, rival or statue besides Him. Therefore, whoever accepts this command, Allah will give him safety in both this life and the Hereafter. However, whoever disobeys Him, He will remove both of them from him. This is as Allah says, وَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا قَرْيَةً كَانَتْ آمِنَةً مُّطْمَئِنَّةً يَأْتِيهَا رِزْقُهَا رَغَدًا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٍ فَكَفَرَتْ بِأَنْعُمِ اللَّهِ فَأَذَاقَهَا اللَّهُ لِبَاسَ الْجُوعِ وَالْخَوْفِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ - وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ (And Allah puts forward the example of a township, that dwelt secure and well-content: its provision coming to it in abundance from every place, but it denied the favors of Allah. So, Allah made it taste extreme of hunger and fear, because of that which they used to do. And verily, there had come unto them a Messenger from among themselves, but they denied him, so the torment overtook them while they were wrongdoers.)(16:112-113)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (1. For the Ilaf of the Quraysh.)(2. Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.)(3. So, let them worship the Lord of this House.)(4. Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.) This Surah has been separated from the one that preceded it in the primary Mushaf (the original copy of 'Uthman). They (the Companions) wrote "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" on the line (i.e., the space) between these two Surahs. They did this even though this Surah is directly related to the one which precedes it, as Muhammad bin Ishaq and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam have both clarified. This is because the meaning of both of them is, "We have prevented the Elephant from entering Makkah and We have destroyed its people in order to gather (Ilaf) the Quraysh, which means to unite them and bring them together safely in their city." It has also been said that the meaning of this (Ilaf) is what they would gather during their journey in the winter to Yemen and in the summer to Ash-Sham through trade and other than that. Then they would return to their city in safety during their journeys due to the respect that the people had for them because they were the residents of Allah's sanctuary. Therefore, whoever knew them would honor them. Even those who came to them and traveled with them, would be safe because of them. This was their situation during their journeys and travels during their winter and summer. In reference to their living in the city, then it is as Allah said, أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا جَعَلْنَا حَرَمًا آمِنًا وَيُتَخَطَّفُ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ (Have they not seen that We have made it a secure sanctuary, while men are being snatched away from all around them?)(29:67) Thus, Allah says, لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh. Their Ilaf) This is a subject that has been transferred from the first sentence in order to give it more explanation. Thus, Allah says, إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ (Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.) Ibn Jarir said, "The correct opinion is that the letter Lam is a prefix that shows amazement. It is as though He (Allah) is saying, 'You should be amazed at the uniting (or taming) of the Quraysh and My favor upon them in that.'" He went on to say, "This is due to the consensus of the Muslims that they are two separate and independent Surahs." Then Allah directs them to be grateful for this magnificent favor in His saying, فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ (So, let them worship the Lord of this House.) meaning, then let them single Him out for worship, just as He has given them a safe sanctuary and a Sacred House. This is as Allah says, إِنَّمَا أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ رَبَّ هَٰذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ الَّذِي حَرَّمَهَا وَلَهُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ (I have been commanded only to worship the Lord of this city, Who has sanctified it and to Whom belongs everything. And I am commanded to be from among the Muslims.)(27:91) Then Allah says, الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ (Who has fed them against hunger,) meaning, He is the Lord of the House and He is the One Who feeds them against hunger. وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (And has made them safe from fear.) meaning, He favors them with safety and gentleness, so they should single Him out for worship alone, without any partner. They should not worship any idol, rival or statue besides Him. Therefore, whoever accepts this command, Allah will give him safety in both this life and the Hereafter. However, whoever disobeys Him, He will remove both of them from him. This is as Allah says, وَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا قَرْيَةً كَانَتْ آمِنَةً مُّطْمَئِنَّةً يَأْتِيهَا رِزْقُهَا رَغَدًا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٍ فَكَفَرَتْ بِأَنْعُمِ اللَّهِ فَأَذَاقَهَا اللَّهُ لِبَاسَ الْجُوعِ وَالْخَوْفِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ - وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ (And Allah puts forward the example of a township, that dwelt secure and well-content: its provision coming to it in abundance from every place, but it denied the favors of Allah. So, Allah made it taste extreme of hunger and fear, because of that which they used to do. And verily, there had come unto them a Messenger from among themselves, but they denied him, so the torment overtook them while they were wrongdoers.)(16:112-113)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (1. For the Ilaf of the Quraysh.)(2. Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.)(3. So, let them worship the Lord of this House.)(4. Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.) This Surah has been separated from the one that preceded it in the primary Mushaf (the original copy of 'Uthman). They (the Companions) wrote "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" on the line (i.e., the space) between these two Surahs. They did this even though this Surah is directly related to the one which precedes it, as Muhammad bin Ishaq and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam have both clarified. This is because the meaning of both of them is, "We have prevented the Elephant from entering Makkah and We have destroyed its people in order to gather (Ilaf) the Quraysh, which means to unite them and bring them together safely in their city." It has also been said that the meaning of this (Ilaf) is what they would gather during their journey in the winter to Yemen and in the summer to Ash-Sham through trade and other than that. Then they would return to their city in safety during their journeys due to the respect that the people had for them because they were the residents of Allah's sanctuary. Therefore, whoever knew them would honor them. Even those who came to them and traveled with them, would be safe because of them. This was their situation during their journeys and travels during their winter and summer. In reference to their living in the city, then it is as Allah said, أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا جَعَلْنَا حَرَمًا آمِنًا وَيُتَخَطَّفُ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ (Have they not seen that We have made it a secure sanctuary, while men are being snatched away from all around them?)(29:67) Thus, Allah says, لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh. Their Ilaf) This is a subject that has been transferred from the first sentence in order to give it more explanation. Thus, Allah says, إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ (Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.) Ibn Jarir said, "The correct opinion is that the letter Lam is a prefix that shows amazement. It is as though He (Allah) is saying, 'You should be amazed at the uniting (or taming) of the Quraysh and My favor upon them in that.'" He went on to say, "This is due to the consensus of the Muslims that they are two separate and independent Surahs." Then Allah directs them to be grateful for this magnificent favor in His saying, فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ (So, let them worship the Lord of this House.) meaning, then let them single Him out for worship, just as He has given them a safe sanctuary and a Sacred House. This is as Allah says, إِنَّمَا أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ رَبَّ هَٰذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ الَّذِي حَرَّمَهَا وَلَهُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ (I have been commanded only to worship the Lord of this city, Who has sanctified it and to Whom belongs everything. And I am commanded to be from among the Muslims.)(27:91) Then Allah says, الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ (Who has fed them against hunger,) meaning, He is the Lord of the House and He is the One Who feeds them against hunger. وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (And has made them safe from fear.) meaning, He favors them with safety and gentleness, so they should single Him out for worship alone, without any partner. They should not worship any idol, rival or statue besides Him. Therefore, whoever accepts this command, Allah will give him safety in both this life and the Hereafter. However, whoever disobeys Him, He will remove both of them from him. This is as Allah says, وَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا قَرْيَةً كَانَتْ آمِنَةً مُّطْمَئِنَّةً يَأْتِيهَا رِزْقُهَا رَغَدًا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٍ فَكَفَرَتْ بِأَنْعُمِ اللَّهِ فَأَذَاقَهَا اللَّهُ لِبَاسَ الْجُوعِ وَالْخَوْفِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ - وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ (And Allah puts forward the example of a township, that dwelt secure and well-content: its provision coming to it in abundance from every place, but it denied the favors of Allah. So, Allah made it taste extreme of hunger and fear, because of that which they used to do. And verily, there had come unto them a Messenger from among themselves, but they denied him, so the torment overtook them while they were wrongdoers.)(16:112-113)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ - فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ - الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (1. For the Ilaf of the Quraysh.)(2. Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.)(3. So, let them worship the Lord of this House.)(4. Who has fed them against hunger, and has made them safe from fear.) This Surah has been separated from the one that preceded it in the primary Mushaf (the original copy of 'Uthman). They (the Companions) wrote "In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" on the line (i.e., the space) between these two Surahs. They did this even though this Surah is directly related to the one which precedes it, as Muhammad bin Ishaq and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam have both clarified. This is because the meaning of both of them is, "We have prevented the Elephant from entering Makkah and We have destroyed its people in order to gather (Ilaf) the Quraysh, which means to unite them and bring them together safely in their city." It has also been said that the meaning of this (Ilaf) is what they would gather during their journey in the winter to Yemen and in the summer to Ash-Sham through trade and other than that. Then they would return to their city in safety during their journeys due to the respect that the people had for them because they were the residents of Allah's sanctuary. Therefore, whoever knew them would honor them. Even those who came to them and traveled with them, would be safe because of them. This was their situation during their journeys and travels during their winter and summer. In reference to their living in the city, then it is as Allah said, أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا جَعَلْنَا حَرَمًا آمِنًا وَيُتَخَطَّفُ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ (Have they not seen that We have made it a secure sanctuary, while men are being snatched away from all around them?)(29:67) Thus, Allah says, لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْشٍ - إِيلَافِهِمْ (For the Ilaf of the Quraysh. Their Ilaf) This is a subject that has been transferred from the first sentence in order to give it more explanation. Thus, Allah says, إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَاءِ وَالصَّيْفِ (Their Ilaf caravans, in winter and in summer.) Ibn Jarir said, "The correct opinion is that the letter Lam is a prefix that shows amazement. It is as though He (Allah) is saying, 'You should be amazed at the uniting (or taming) of the Quraysh and My favor upon them in that.'" He went on to say, "This is due to the consensus of the Muslims that they are two separate and independent Surahs." Then Allah directs them to be grateful for this magnificent favor in His saying, فَلْيَعْبُدُوا رَبَّ هَٰذَا الْبَيْتِ (So, let them worship the Lord of this House.) meaning, then let them single Him out for worship, just as He has given them a safe sanctuary and a Sacred House. This is as Allah says, إِنَّمَا أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ رَبَّ هَٰذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ الَّذِي حَرَّمَهَا وَلَهُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ ۖ وَأُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ (I have been commanded only to worship the Lord of this city, Who has sanctified it and to Whom belongs everything. And I am commanded to be from among the Muslims.)(27:91) Then Allah says, الَّذِي أَطْعَمَهُم مِّن جُوعٍ (Who has fed them against hunger,) meaning, He is the Lord of the House and He is the One Who feeds them against hunger. وَآمَنَهُم مِّنْ خَوْفٍ (And has made them safe from fear.) meaning, He favors them with safety and gentleness, so they should single Him out for worship alone, without any partner. They should not worship any idol, rival or statue besides Him. Therefore, whoever accepts this command, Allah will give him safety in both this life and the Hereafter. However, whoever disobeys Him, He will remove both of them from him. This is as Allah says, وَضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلًا قَرْيَةً كَانَتْ آمِنَةً مُّطْمَئِنَّةً يَأْتِيهَا رِزْقُهَا رَغَدًا مِّن كُلِّ مَكَانٍ فَكَفَرَتْ بِأَنْعُمِ اللَّهِ فَأَذَاقَهَا اللَّهُ لِبَاسَ الْجُوعِ وَالْخَوْفِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ - وَلَقَدْ جَاءَهُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ (And Allah puts forward the example of a township, that dwelt secure and well-content: its provision coming to it in abundance from every place, but it denied the favors of Allah. So, Allah made it taste extreme of hunger and fear, because of that which they used to do. And verily, there had come unto them a Messenger from among themselves, but they denied him, so the torment overtook them while they were wrongdoers.)(16:112-113)

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ - فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ - فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ - وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (1. Have you seen him who denies Ad-Din?)(2. That is he who repulses the orphan,)(3. And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.)(4. So, woe unto those performers of Salah,)(5. Those who with their Salah are Sahun.)(6. Those who do good deeds only to be seen,)(7. And withhold Al-Ma'un.) Allah says, "O Muhammad! Have you seen the one who denies the Din'?' Here the word Din means the Hereafter, the Recompense and the Final Reward. فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ (That is he who repulses the orphan,) meaning, he is the one who oppresses the orphan and does not give him his just due. He does not feed him, nor is he kind to him. وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.) This is as Allah says, كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (Nay! But you treat not the orphans with kindness and generosity! And urge not one another on the feeding of Al-Miskin!)(89:17-18) meaning, the poor man who has nothing to sustain him and suffice his needs. Then Allah says, فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (So, woe unto those performers of Salah, those who with their Salah are Sahun.) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means the hypocrites who pray in public but do not pray in private." Thus, Allah says, لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ (unto those performers of Salah,) They are those people who pray and adhere to the prayer, yet they are mindless of it. This may either be referring to its act entirely, as Ibn 'Abbas said, or it may be referring to performing it in its stipulated time that has been legislated Islamically. This means that the person prays it completely outside of its time. This was said by Masruq and Abu Ad-Duha. Ata' bin Dinar said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One Who said, عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (with their Salah are Sahun.) and He did not say, 'those who are absent minded in their prayer.'" It could also mean the first time of the prayer, which means they always delay it until the end of its time, or they usually do so. It may also refer to not fulfilling its pillars and conditions, and in the required manner. It could also mean performing it with humility and contemplation of its meanings. The wording of the Ayah comprises all of these meanings. However, whoever has any characteristic of this that we have mentioned then a portion of this Ayah applies to him. And whoever has all of these characteristics, then he has completed his share of this Ayah, and the hypocrisy of actions is fulfilled in him. This is just as is confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (This is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits watching the sun until it is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he stands and pecks four (Rak'ahs) and he does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) This Hadith is describing the end of the time for the 'Asr prayer, which is the middle prayer as is confirmed by a text (Hadith). This is the time in which it is disliked to pray. Then this person stands to pray it, pecking in it like the pecking of a crow. He does not have tranquility or humility in it at all. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said, لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (He does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) He probably only stands to pray it so that the people will see him praying, and not seeking the Face of Allah. This is just as if he did not pray at all. Allah says, إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them. And when they stand up with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allah but little.)(4:142) and Allah says here, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen,) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Amr bin Murrah that he said, "We were sitting with Abu 'Ubaydah when the people mentioned showing-off. A man known as Abu Yazid said, "I heard 'Abdullah bin 'Amr saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, مَنْ سَمَّعَ النَّاسَ بِعَمَلِهِ، سَمَّعَ اللهُ بِهِ سَامِعَ خَلْقِهِ، وَحَقَّرَهُ وَصَغَّرَهُ (Whoever tries to make the people hear of his deed, Allah, the One Who hears His creation, will hear it and make him despised and degraded.)" from what is related to his statement, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen.) is that whoever does a deed solely for Allah, but the people come to know about it, and he is pleased with that, then this is not considered showing off. Allah said: وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (And withhold Al-Ma'un.) This means that they do not worship their Lord well, nor do they treat His creation well. They do not even lend that which others may benefit from and be helped by, even though the object will remain intact and be returned to them. These people are even stingier when it comes to giving Zakah and different types of charity that bring one closer to Allah. Al-Mas'udi narrated from Salamah bin Kuhayl who reported from Abu Al-'Ubaydin that he asked Ibn Mas'ud about Al-Ma'un and he said, "It is what the people give to each other, like an axe, a pot, a bucket and similar items." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Ma'un, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ - فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ - فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ - وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (1. Have you seen him who denies Ad-Din?)(2. That is he who repulses the orphan,)(3. And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.)(4. So, woe unto those performers of Salah,)(5. Those who with their Salah are Sahun.)(6. Those who do good deeds only to be seen,)(7. And withhold Al-Ma'un.) Allah says, "O Muhammad! Have you seen the one who denies the Din'?' Here the word Din means the Hereafter, the Recompense and the Final Reward. فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ (That is he who repulses the orphan,) meaning, he is the one who oppresses the orphan and does not give him his just due. He does not feed him, nor is he kind to him. وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.) This is as Allah says, كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (Nay! But you treat not the orphans with kindness and generosity! And urge not one another on the feeding of Al-Miskin!)(89:17-18) meaning, the poor man who has nothing to sustain him and suffice his needs. Then Allah says, فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (So, woe unto those performers of Salah, those who with their Salah are Sahun.) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means the hypocrites who pray in public but do not pray in private." Thus, Allah says, لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ (unto those performers of Salah,) They are those people who pray and adhere to the prayer, yet they are mindless of it. This may either be referring to its act entirely, as Ibn 'Abbas said, or it may be referring to performing it in its stipulated time that has been legislated Islamically. This means that the person prays it completely outside of its time. This was said by Masruq and Abu Ad-Duha. Ata' bin Dinar said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One Who said, عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (with their Salah are Sahun.) and He did not say, 'those who are absent minded in their prayer.'" It could also mean the first time of the prayer, which means they always delay it until the end of its time, or they usually do so. It may also refer to not fulfilling its pillars and conditions, and in the required manner. It could also mean performing it with humility and contemplation of its meanings. The wording of the Ayah comprises all of these meanings. However, whoever has any characteristic of this that we have mentioned then a portion of this Ayah applies to him. And whoever has all of these characteristics, then he has completed his share of this Ayah, and the hypocrisy of actions is fulfilled in him. This is just as is confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (This is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits watching the sun until it is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he stands and pecks four (Rak'ahs) and he does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) This Hadith is describing the end of the time for the 'Asr prayer, which is the middle prayer as is confirmed by a text (Hadith). This is the time in which it is disliked to pray. Then this person stands to pray it, pecking in it like the pecking of a crow. He does not have tranquility or humility in it at all. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said, لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (He does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) He probably only stands to pray it so that the people will see him praying, and not seeking the Face of Allah. This is just as if he did not pray at all. Allah says, إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them. And when they stand up with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allah but little.)(4:142) and Allah says here, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen,) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Amr bin Murrah that he said, "We were sitting with Abu 'Ubaydah when the people mentioned showing-off. A man known as Abu Yazid said, "I heard 'Abdullah bin 'Amr saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, مَنْ سَمَّعَ النَّاسَ بِعَمَلِهِ، سَمَّعَ اللهُ بِهِ سَامِعَ خَلْقِهِ، وَحَقَّرَهُ وَصَغَّرَهُ (Whoever tries to make the people hear of his deed, Allah, the One Who hears His creation, will hear it and make him despised and degraded.)" from what is related to his statement, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen.) is that whoever does a deed solely for Allah, but the people come to know about it, and he is pleased with that, then this is not considered showing off. Allah said: وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (And withhold Al-Ma'un.) This means that they do not worship their Lord well, nor do they treat His creation well. They do not even lend that which others may benefit from and be helped by, even though the object will remain intact and be returned to them. These people are even stingier when it comes to giving Zakah and different types of charity that bring one closer to Allah. Al-Mas'udi narrated from Salamah bin Kuhayl who reported from Abu Al-'Ubaydin that he asked Ibn Mas'ud about Al-Ma'un and he said, "It is what the people give to each other, like an axe, a pot, a bucket and similar items." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Ma'un, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ - فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ - فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ - وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (1. Have you seen him who denies Ad-Din?)(2. That is he who repulses the orphan,)(3. And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.)(4. So, woe unto those performers of Salah,)(5. Those who with their Salah are Sahun.)(6. Those who do good deeds only to be seen,)(7. And withhold Al-Ma'un.) Allah says, "O Muhammad! Have you seen the one who denies the Din'?' Here the word Din means the Hereafter, the Recompense and the Final Reward. فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ (That is he who repulses the orphan,) meaning, he is the one who oppresses the orphan and does not give him his just due. He does not feed him, nor is he kind to him. وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.) This is as Allah says, كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (Nay! But you treat not the orphans with kindness and generosity! And urge not one another on the feeding of Al-Miskin!)(89:17-18) meaning, the poor man who has nothing to sustain him and suffice his needs. Then Allah says, فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (So, woe unto those performers of Salah, those who with their Salah are Sahun.) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means the hypocrites who pray in public but do not pray in private." Thus, Allah says, لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ (unto those performers of Salah,) They are those people who pray and adhere to the prayer, yet they are mindless of it. This may either be referring to its act entirely, as Ibn 'Abbas said, or it may be referring to performing it in its stipulated time that has been legislated Islamically. This means that the person prays it completely outside of its time. This was said by Masruq and Abu Ad-Duha. Ata' bin Dinar said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One Who said, عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (with their Salah are Sahun.) and He did not say, 'those who are absent minded in their prayer.'" It could also mean the first time of the prayer, which means they always delay it until the end of its time, or they usually do so. It may also refer to not fulfilling its pillars and conditions, and in the required manner. It could also mean performing it with humility and contemplation of its meanings. The wording of the Ayah comprises all of these meanings. However, whoever has any characteristic of this that we have mentioned then a portion of this Ayah applies to him. And whoever has all of these characteristics, then he has completed his share of this Ayah, and the hypocrisy of actions is fulfilled in him. This is just as is confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (This is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits watching the sun until it is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he stands and pecks four (Rak'ahs) and he does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) This Hadith is describing the end of the time for the 'Asr prayer, which is the middle prayer as is confirmed by a text (Hadith). This is the time in which it is disliked to pray. Then this person stands to pray it, pecking in it like the pecking of a crow. He does not have tranquility or humility in it at all. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said, لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (He does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) He probably only stands to pray it so that the people will see him praying, and not seeking the Face of Allah. This is just as if he did not pray at all. Allah says, إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them. And when they stand up with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allah but little.)(4:142) and Allah says here, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen,) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Amr bin Murrah that he said, "We were sitting with Abu 'Ubaydah when the people mentioned showing-off. A man known as Abu Yazid said, "I heard 'Abdullah bin 'Amr saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, مَنْ سَمَّعَ النَّاسَ بِعَمَلِهِ، سَمَّعَ اللهُ بِهِ سَامِعَ خَلْقِهِ، وَحَقَّرَهُ وَصَغَّرَهُ (Whoever tries to make the people hear of his deed, Allah, the One Who hears His creation, will hear it and make him despised and degraded.)" from what is related to his statement, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen.) is that whoever does a deed solely for Allah, but the people come to know about it, and he is pleased with that, then this is not considered showing off. Allah said: وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (And withhold Al-Ma'un.) This means that they do not worship their Lord well, nor do they treat His creation well. They do not even lend that which others may benefit from and be helped by, even though the object will remain intact and be returned to them. These people are even stingier when it comes to giving Zakah and different types of charity that bring one closer to Allah. Al-Mas'udi narrated from Salamah bin Kuhayl who reported from Abu Al-'Ubaydin that he asked Ibn Mas'ud about Al-Ma'un and he said, "It is what the people give to each other, like an axe, a pot, a bucket and similar items." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Ma'un, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ - فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ - فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ - وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (1. Have you seen him who denies Ad-Din?)(2. That is he who repulses the orphan,)(3. And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.)(4. So, woe unto those performers of Salah,)(5. Those who with their Salah are Sahun.)(6. Those who do good deeds only to be seen,)(7. And withhold Al-Ma'un.) Allah says, "O Muhammad! Have you seen the one who denies the Din'?' Here the word Din means the Hereafter, the Recompense and the Final Reward. فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ (That is he who repulses the orphan,) meaning, he is the one who oppresses the orphan and does not give him his just due. He does not feed him, nor is he kind to him. وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.) This is as Allah says, كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (Nay! But you treat not the orphans with kindness and generosity! And urge not one another on the feeding of Al-Miskin!)(89:17-18) meaning, the poor man who has nothing to sustain him and suffice his needs. Then Allah says, فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (So, woe unto those performers of Salah, those who with their Salah are Sahun.) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means the hypocrites who pray in public but do not pray in private." Thus, Allah says, لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ (unto those performers of Salah,) They are those people who pray and adhere to the prayer, yet they are mindless of it. This may either be referring to its act entirely, as Ibn 'Abbas said, or it may be referring to performing it in its stipulated time that has been legislated Islamically. This means that the person prays it completely outside of its time. This was said by Masruq and Abu Ad-Duha. Ata' bin Dinar said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One Who said, عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (with their Salah are Sahun.) and He did not say, 'those who are absent minded in their prayer.'" It could also mean the first time of the prayer, which means they always delay it until the end of its time, or they usually do so. It may also refer to not fulfilling its pillars and conditions, and in the required manner. It could also mean performing it with humility and contemplation of its meanings. The wording of the Ayah comprises all of these meanings. However, whoever has any characteristic of this that we have mentioned then a portion of this Ayah applies to him. And whoever has all of these characteristics, then he has completed his share of this Ayah, and the hypocrisy of actions is fulfilled in him. This is just as is confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (This is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits watching the sun until it is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he stands and pecks four (Rak'ahs) and he does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) This Hadith is describing the end of the time for the 'Asr prayer, which is the middle prayer as is confirmed by a text (Hadith). This is the time in which it is disliked to pray. Then this person stands to pray it, pecking in it like the pecking of a crow. He does not have tranquility or humility in it at all. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said, لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (He does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) He probably only stands to pray it so that the people will see him praying, and not seeking the Face of Allah. This is just as if he did not pray at all. Allah says, إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them. And when they stand up with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allah but little.)(4:142) and Allah says here, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen,) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Amr bin Murrah that he said, "We were sitting with Abu 'Ubaydah when the people mentioned showing-off. A man known as Abu Yazid said, "I heard 'Abdullah bin 'Amr saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, مَنْ سَمَّعَ النَّاسَ بِعَمَلِهِ، سَمَّعَ اللهُ بِهِ سَامِعَ خَلْقِهِ، وَحَقَّرَهُ وَصَغَّرَهُ (Whoever tries to make the people hear of his deed, Allah, the One Who hears His creation, will hear it and make him despised and degraded.)" from what is related to his statement, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen.) is that whoever does a deed solely for Allah, but the people come to know about it, and he is pleased with that, then this is not considered showing off. Allah said: وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (And withhold Al-Ma'un.) This means that they do not worship their Lord well, nor do they treat His creation well. They do not even lend that which others may benefit from and be helped by, even though the object will remain intact and be returned to them. These people are even stingier when it comes to giving Zakah and different types of charity that bring one closer to Allah. Al-Mas'udi narrated from Salamah bin Kuhayl who reported from Abu Al-'Ubaydin that he asked Ibn Mas'ud about Al-Ma'un and he said, "It is what the people give to each other, like an axe, a pot, a bucket and similar items." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Ma'un, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ - فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ - فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ - وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (1. Have you seen him who denies Ad-Din?)(2. That is he who repulses the orphan,)(3. And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.)(4. So, woe unto those performers of Salah,)(5. Those who with their Salah are Sahun.)(6. Those who do good deeds only to be seen,)(7. And withhold Al-Ma'un.) Allah says, "O Muhammad! Have you seen the one who denies the Din'?' Here the word Din means the Hereafter, the Recompense and the Final Reward. فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ (That is he who repulses the orphan,) meaning, he is the one who oppresses the orphan and does not give him his just due. He does not feed him, nor is he kind to him. وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.) This is as Allah says, كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (Nay! But you treat not the orphans with kindness and generosity! And urge not one another on the feeding of Al-Miskin!)(89:17-18) meaning, the poor man who has nothing to sustain him and suffice his needs. Then Allah says, فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (So, woe unto those performers of Salah, those who with their Salah are Sahun.) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means the hypocrites who pray in public but do not pray in private." Thus, Allah says, لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ (unto those performers of Salah,) They are those people who pray and adhere to the prayer, yet they are mindless of it. This may either be referring to its act entirely, as Ibn 'Abbas said, or it may be referring to performing it in its stipulated time that has been legislated Islamically. This means that the person prays it completely outside of its time. This was said by Masruq and Abu Ad-Duha. Ata' bin Dinar said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One Who said, عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (with their Salah are Sahun.) and He did not say, 'those who are absent minded in their prayer.'" It could also mean the first time of the prayer, which means they always delay it until the end of its time, or they usually do so. It may also refer to not fulfilling its pillars and conditions, and in the required manner. It could also mean performing it with humility and contemplation of its meanings. The wording of the Ayah comprises all of these meanings. However, whoever has any characteristic of this that we have mentioned then a portion of this Ayah applies to him. And whoever has all of these characteristics, then he has completed his share of this Ayah, and the hypocrisy of actions is fulfilled in him. This is just as is confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (This is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits watching the sun until it is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he stands and pecks four (Rak'ahs) and he does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) This Hadith is describing the end of the time for the 'Asr prayer, which is the middle prayer as is confirmed by a text (Hadith). This is the time in which it is disliked to pray. Then this person stands to pray it, pecking in it like the pecking of a crow. He does not have tranquility or humility in it at all. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said, لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (He does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) He probably only stands to pray it so that the people will see him praying, and not seeking the Face of Allah. This is just as if he did not pray at all. Allah says, إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them. And when they stand up with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allah but little.)(4:142) and Allah says here, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen,) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Amr bin Murrah that he said, "We were sitting with Abu 'Ubaydah when the people mentioned showing-off. A man known as Abu Yazid said, "I heard 'Abdullah bin 'Amr saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, مَنْ سَمَّعَ النَّاسَ بِعَمَلِهِ، سَمَّعَ اللهُ بِهِ سَامِعَ خَلْقِهِ، وَحَقَّرَهُ وَصَغَّرَهُ (Whoever tries to make the people hear of his deed, Allah, the One Who hears His creation, will hear it and make him despised and degraded.)" from what is related to his statement, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen.) is that whoever does a deed solely for Allah, but the people come to know about it, and he is pleased with that, then this is not considered showing off. Allah said: وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (And withhold Al-Ma'un.) This means that they do not worship their Lord well, nor do they treat His creation well. They do not even lend that which others may benefit from and be helped by, even though the object will remain intact and be returned to them. These people are even stingier when it comes to giving Zakah and different types of charity that bring one closer to Allah. Al-Mas'udi narrated from Salamah bin Kuhayl who reported from Abu Al-'Ubaydin that he asked Ibn Mas'ud about Al-Ma'un and he said, "It is what the people give to each other, like an axe, a pot, a bucket and similar items." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Ma'un, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ - فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ - فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ - وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (1. Have you seen him who denies Ad-Din?)(2. That is he who repulses the orphan,)(3. And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.)(4. So, woe unto those performers of Salah,)(5. Those who with their Salah are Sahun.)(6. Those who do good deeds only to be seen,)(7. And withhold Al-Ma'un.) Allah says, "O Muhammad! Have you seen the one who denies the Din'?' Here the word Din means the Hereafter, the Recompense and the Final Reward. فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ (That is he who repulses the orphan,) meaning, he is the one who oppresses the orphan and does not give him his just due. He does not feed him, nor is he kind to him. وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.) This is as Allah says, كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (Nay! But you treat not the orphans with kindness and generosity! And urge not one another on the feeding of Al-Miskin!)(89:17-18) meaning, the poor man who has nothing to sustain him and suffice his needs. Then Allah says, فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (So, woe unto those performers of Salah, those who with their Salah are Sahun.) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means the hypocrites who pray in public but do not pray in private." Thus, Allah says, لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ (unto those performers of Salah,) They are those people who pray and adhere to the prayer, yet they are mindless of it. This may either be referring to its act entirely, as Ibn 'Abbas said, or it may be referring to performing it in its stipulated time that has been legislated Islamically. This means that the person prays it completely outside of its time. This was said by Masruq and Abu Ad-Duha. Ata' bin Dinar said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One Who said, عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (with their Salah are Sahun.) and He did not say, 'those who are absent minded in their prayer.'" It could also mean the first time of the prayer, which means they always delay it until the end of its time, or they usually do so. It may also refer to not fulfilling its pillars and conditions, and in the required manner. It could also mean performing it with humility and contemplation of its meanings. The wording of the Ayah comprises all of these meanings. However, whoever has any characteristic of this that we have mentioned then a portion of this Ayah applies to him. And whoever has all of these characteristics, then he has completed his share of this Ayah, and the hypocrisy of actions is fulfilled in him. This is just as is confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (This is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits watching the sun until it is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he stands and pecks four (Rak'ahs) and he does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) This Hadith is describing the end of the time for the 'Asr prayer, which is the middle prayer as is confirmed by a text (Hadith). This is the time in which it is disliked to pray. Then this person stands to pray it, pecking in it like the pecking of a crow. He does not have tranquility or humility in it at all. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said, لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (He does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) He probably only stands to pray it so that the people will see him praying, and not seeking the Face of Allah. This is just as if he did not pray at all. Allah says, إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them. And when they stand up with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allah but little.)(4:142) and Allah says here, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen,) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Amr bin Murrah that he said, "We were sitting with Abu 'Ubaydah when the people mentioned showing-off. A man known as Abu Yazid said, "I heard 'Abdullah bin 'Amr saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, مَنْ سَمَّعَ النَّاسَ بِعَمَلِهِ، سَمَّعَ اللهُ بِهِ سَامِعَ خَلْقِهِ، وَحَقَّرَهُ وَصَغَّرَهُ (Whoever tries to make the people hear of his deed, Allah, the One Who hears His creation, will hear it and make him despised and degraded.)" from what is related to his statement, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen.) is that whoever does a deed solely for Allah, but the people come to know about it, and he is pleased with that, then this is not considered showing off. Allah said: وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (And withhold Al-Ma'un.) This means that they do not worship their Lord well, nor do they treat His creation well. They do not even lend that which others may benefit from and be helped by, even though the object will remain intact and be returned to them. These people are even stingier when it comes to giving Zakah and different types of charity that bring one closer to Allah. Al-Mas'udi narrated from Salamah bin Kuhayl who reported from Abu Al-'Ubaydin that he asked Ibn Mas'ud about Al-Ma'un and he said, "It is what the people give to each other, like an axe, a pot, a bucket and similar items." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Ma'un, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ - فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ - فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ - وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (1. Have you seen him who denies Ad-Din?)(2. That is he who repulses the orphan,)(3. And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.)(4. So, woe unto those performers of Salah,)(5. Those who with their Salah are Sahun.)(6. Those who do good deeds only to be seen,)(7. And withhold Al-Ma'un.) Allah says, "O Muhammad! Have you seen the one who denies the Din'?' Here the word Din means the Hereafter, the Recompense and the Final Reward. فَذَٰلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ (That is he who repulses the orphan,) meaning, he is the one who oppresses the orphan and does not give him his just due. He does not feed him, nor is he kind to him. وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (And urges not the feeding of Al-Miskin.) This is as Allah says, كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ - وَلَا تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ (Nay! But you treat not the orphans with kindness and generosity! And urge not one another on the feeding of Al-Miskin!)(89:17-18) meaning, the poor man who has nothing to sustain him and suffice his needs. Then Allah says, فَوَيْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ - الَّذِينَ هُمْ عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (So, woe unto those performers of Salah, those who with their Salah are Sahun.) Ibn 'Abbas and others have said, "This means the hypocrites who pray in public but do not pray in private." Thus, Allah says, لِّلْمُصَلِّينَ (unto those performers of Salah,) They are those people who pray and adhere to the prayer, yet they are mindless of it. This may either be referring to its act entirely, as Ibn 'Abbas said, or it may be referring to performing it in its stipulated time that has been legislated Islamically. This means that the person prays it completely outside of its time. This was said by Masruq and Abu Ad-Duha. Ata' bin Dinar said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One Who said, عَن صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُونَ (with their Salah are Sahun.) and He did not say, 'those who are absent minded in their prayer.'" It could also mean the first time of the prayer, which means they always delay it until the end of its time, or they usually do so. It may also refer to not fulfilling its pillars and conditions, and in the required manner. It could also mean performing it with humility and contemplation of its meanings. The wording of the Ayah comprises all of these meanings. However, whoever has any characteristic of this that we have mentioned then a portion of this Ayah applies to him. And whoever has all of these characteristics, then he has completed his share of this Ayah, and the hypocrisy of actions is fulfilled in him. This is just as is confirmed in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، تِلْكَ صَلَاةُ الْمُنَافِقِ، يَجْلِسُ يَرْقُبُ الشَّمْسَ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيِ الشَّيْطَانِ قَامَ فَنَقَرَ أَرْبَعًا، لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (This is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite, this is the prayer of the hypocrite. He sits watching the sun until it is between the two horns of Shaytan. Then he stands and pecks four (Rak'ahs) and he does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) This Hadith is describing the end of the time for the 'Asr prayer, which is the middle prayer as is confirmed by a text (Hadith). This is the time in which it is disliked to pray. Then this person stands to pray it, pecking in it like the pecking of a crow. He does not have tranquility or humility in it at all. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ said, لَا يَذْكُرُ اللهَ فِيهَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (He does not remember Allah (in them) except very little.) He probably only stands to pray it so that the people will see him praying, and not seeking the Face of Allah. This is just as if he did not pray at all. Allah says, إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا (Verily, the hypocrites seek to deceive Allah, but it is He Who deceives them. And when they stand up with laziness and to be seen of men, and they do not remember Allah but little.)(4:142) and Allah says here, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen,) Imam Ahmad recorded from 'Amr bin Murrah that he said, "We were sitting with Abu 'Ubaydah when the people mentioned showing-off. A man known as Abu Yazid said, "I heard 'Abdullah bin 'Amr saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, مَنْ سَمَّعَ النَّاسَ بِعَمَلِهِ، سَمَّعَ اللهُ بِهِ سَامِعَ خَلْقِهِ، وَحَقَّرَهُ وَصَغَّرَهُ (Whoever tries to make the people hear of his deed, Allah, the One Who hears His creation, will hear it and make him despised and degraded.)" from what is related to his statement, الَّذِينَ هُمْ يُرَاءُونَ (Those who do good deeds only to be seen.) is that whoever does a deed solely for Allah, but the people come to know about it, and he is pleased with that, then this is not considered showing off. Allah said: وَيَمْنَعُونَ الْمَاعُونَ (And withhold Al-Ma'un.) This means that they do not worship their Lord well, nor do they treat His creation well. They do not even lend that which others may benefit from and be helped by, even though the object will remain intact and be returned to them. These people are even stingier when it comes to giving Zakah and different types of charity that bring one closer to Allah. Al-Mas'udi narrated from Salamah bin Kuhayl who reported from Abu Al-'Ubaydin that he asked Ibn Mas'ud about Al-Ma'un and he said, "It is what the people give to each other, like an axe, a pot, a bucket and similar items." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Ma'un, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.